On the Histogenesis of Gastric Glands. 49] 
at 11-12 em. and probably up to 19 em. A point which I wish 
to emphasize is that the glands are largely constituted from the 
very first, of adelomorphs.?. Some glands have parietals almost 
from the first; some do not develop any for some time. Thus, as 
late as 6-7 cm. glands occur, especially in the cardia, but also 
in the fundus, in which all the cells are undifferentiated. And by 
the side of these will be found glands of the same age (size) but 
with one or more parietals. I am able to confirm Toldt’s state- 
ment that parietals do not appear in the pylorus at any stage. 
However, once or twice,—so very rarely that even to mention 
it is to give an exaggerated idea of the importance,—I have found 
a single parietal in a young gland from the undoubted regio 
pylorica; never, however, a group of parietals. Also, while in 
later stages, the boundary between fundus and pylorus is very 
sharp on the greater curve, there is, at some points on the facies 
anterior and posterior a zone, two or three tubules wide, in which 
occur mucus chief and parietal cells, but no zymogenics. 
Thus, with the differentiation of parietals, we have at once a 
rough divergence of left gastric region, corresponding to caecal 
pouch, cardia and fundus, where they appear, and right gastric 
region, the pylorus, where they never appear. Merely a rough 
divergence at first, because, in the earliest stages, not all fundic 
tubules have parietals. Thus the parietals arise at first, by the 
differentiation of certain of the adelomorphs; but, as early as 
4-5 cm. they increase also by mitosis (fig. 5). This method of 
division in par etals has been denied or doubted by many observ- 
ers, but I can say positively that it frequently occurs up to rather 
late stages of glandular development, certainly as late as 16 
em. The eosinophile granules remain intact, but a clear zone, 
free from them, surrounds the chromatic figure. As soon as 
groups of 2 or 3 have thus arisen the ductules are formed not 
only between the parietals and adjacent embryonic cells, but also 
between adjacent, parietals (Figs. 2, 4, 5). Thus, by mitotic 
division of preéxisting ones, and by differentiation of new ones 
' This convenient term, used by Toldt in the same connection, may, for brevity, 
be used interchangeably with primitive gland cell, care being taken not to apply 
it, as did Toldt, to the specialized mucous and serous chief cells, 
