494 Edwin G. Kirk. 
We have seen, then, that all the cells of the gland tubule, are, 
from the first, on the same morphologic level; all reach the surface 
and the basement membrane in the early stages; there are no 
“basal cells’? in the sense of cells which are shut off from the 
stomach lumen by higher cells. Moreover, the parietals are the 
first of the adult gastric cell-types to be differentiated. We 
shall find that, in the earlier stages,’ they appear only in the lower 
parts of the gland tubule. 
While the epithelium of all other parts of the stomach has 
become granular and refractile, that of the pars oesophagea has 
remained absolutely clear and transparent. As had been antici- 
pated, no glands appear in the major portion of this territory, 
which at 4 em. yet presents a simple columnar epithelium. But 
a small peripheral one has already developed glands, by the same 
general process described for other regions. Their cells, like 
those of the rest of the pars oesophagea, are absolutely clear, and 
the distinction from adjacent regions is very sharp, so abrupt that 
one is able to compare the last transparent cell with the adjacent 
finely granular cell of cardia, fundus or pylorus. 
The caecal ridge is covered by simple, granular epithelium which 
displays the slight waviness and the numerous distal mitoses 
seen in the 2 cm. stage of the fundus and cardia. 
In the caecal pouch, development is exceedingly erratic. At 
2-3 em. slight irregularities occur; some of these elevations are 
broad and being due to unequal growth of the submucosa, cor- 
respond, when linear, to the gross rugae, and, when circumscribed, 
to the gross papillae or villi, of the adult caecum; others are due 
to a thickening of the lamina propria alone, but are very broad, 
ar very high, and manifestly have no direct relation to gland 
formation, helping to increase the surfacearea. Otherstretches are 
yet level and present numerous mitoses in the distal row of nuclei. 
Atother places, the first, minute, intraepithelial glandular depres- 
sions are appearing. At 4 em. some of these glands are in the 
stage of fig. 3, some of fig. 6. They are rather sparsely dis- 
tributed. Thus, the small caecal pouch shows a developmental 
* Thus up to about 7 em., in the fundus, and about 12 cm. in the cardia. 
