On the Histogenesis of Gastric Glands. 505 
Fig. 15 represents the appearance of an average fundic gland 
of 12 to 16 em., but it must be remembered that reconstruction 
shows a preponderance of parietals in the 2d and 3d quarters, 
over the number in the deepest fourth, also that in some parts 
of the fundus the surface and upper tubule cells may have 
acquired shallow goblets, which appear clear and transparent in 
the three color stain. It will be seen that the tubule has been 
lengthened by upgrowth of the gland processes. The latter are 
often clubbed or expanded at the tops and sometimes irregular. 
The upper + or } of the tubule devoid of parietals, and with cells 
already sometimes bordered with mucus, represents the future 
foveola. The rest of the tubule contains the cells from which 
will be derived all the epithelium of the adult cervix and fundus. 
Already (12-16 em.) the parietals are preponderating in the middle 
third of the tubule, while the embryonic gland cells, in the deep 
+, are multiplying rapidly mitotically, thus deepening the tubule, 
and incidentally furnishing the material from which, as we shall 
see later, the zymogenic cells are to differentiate. Forthe present, 
these adelomorphs are, in every way, as far as the staining methods 
at my disposal show, the same as the primitive, embryonic gland 
cells. They have become however, somewhat more definitely 
cubic or low cylindric. 
This description of tubules applies to the large part of the 
fundus, including those partsnearthepylorus. Inthe fundic areas 
toward the cardia, we find that after 11-12 cm. not only are the 
foveola and surface mucous cells present, but occasionally cells 
in the deeper parts of the tubule tinge definitely with muchematin. 
At 14-15 em. some of the tubules are lined to the bottom by mucous 
and parietal cells, the mucus cells in the depths being of the mucous 
chief type, those in the upper third shallow or deeper goblet cells. 
Interspersed with such tubules are some with three cell types— 
mucous, parietal and adelomorphs; and these tubules predom- 
inate more and more in progressing toward the right, until at 
last the typical tubules are reached. These left fundic tubules 
have as far as cytodifferentiation is concerned, reached the de- 
finitive condition. They constitute in embryos as in adult, a 
zone transitional, in all respects, between cardia and fundus. 
THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ANATOMY, VOL. 10, NO. 4. 
