atjthor's abstract op this paper issued 

 by the bibliographic service, march 14 



AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE TARSAL CHEMO- 

 RECEPTORS OF TWO NYMPHALID BUTTERFLIES^ 



DWIGHT E. MINNICH 



Department of Zoology, Syracuse University 



SIX FIGURES 



CONTENTS 



Introduction 173 



Literature 175 



Material and methods 176 



The presence of chemoreceptors in the tarsi 179 



The precise location of the tarsal chemoreceptors 188 



Some preliminary work on the nature of the tarsal chemoreceptors 194 



General summary and conclusions 202 



Bibliography 203 



INTRODUCTION 



Any adequate investigation of the normal physiology of chemo- 

 reception among insects is dependent upon two conditions. 

 First, the animal when stimulated must evince some clear and 

 unmistakable response of constant nature. Second, this response 

 must be evoked by stimuH encountered by the animal in its 

 normal environment. It is not necessary to confine experi- 

 mentation entirely to such stimuli. Conclusions as to the normal 

 functioning of the sense organ, however, can only be made with 

 certainty when it has been demonstrated that such stimuli do 

 produce a clearly discernible response. 



1 I wish to take this opportunity to thank the authorities of Miami University 

 for the use of their laboratories during the summer of 1919. Through this gener- 

 osity, the work on Pyrameis was accomplished. I wish also to express my thanks 

 to Harvard University for the grant of a Parker Traveling Fellowship for 1917- 

 1918, which made possible the work done on Vanessa. This work was carried out 

 in the Zoological Laboratory of the University of California, and to the depart- 

 mental staff there I am indebted for many courtesies. 



173 



