ALCOHOLISM AND BEHAVIOR OF WHITE RATS 225 



as the controls. A ratio of ( — )1.500 indicates that the controls 

 took half as long again as the tests. 



The males give 'plus' ratios for each group of the trials in 

 training, whether the strains are given separately or together. 

 In retention one strain gives 'plus' ratios and two strains give 

 'minus' ratios, but when all strains are averaged together and 

 rat 1211 omitted (page 219), the ratio becomes 'plus' ((+)1.058 

 for 'completes' and (+) 1.132 when the 'failures' are added). 



The females give fifty-six 'plus' ratios out of sixty-four when 

 all the different combinations of the data are counted. In the 

 group of 'completes,' strain C gives a ratio very slightly 'minus' 

 ((—) 1.009) for omitting the first day, but it will be noted that 

 there is only one test rat and two controls involved in this ratio. 

 When all the strains are combined, this period {omitting the first 

 day) gives 'plus' ratios of ( + )1.412, (+)1.312, and (+)1.319 

 for each of the three sets of rats, respectively. In strain A 

 the 'completes' and 'incompletes' give slightly 'minus' ratios 

 for the first and second halves of training, and so for all training 

 as well. When the 'failure' rats are also included, the 'minus' 

 ratio in strain A for the second half of training remains, but 

 the ratios for the first half of training and for all training become 

 'plus.' All strains averaged together give 'plus' ratios for each 

 group of trials and each set of rats, excepting the second half 

 of training for the 'completes' and 'incompletes.' When the 

 'failure' rats are also added, the ratio for the second half of train- 

 ing becomes 'plus' ((+) 1.018); all the other ratios are over 

 (-I-) 1.200. ' Combining all the data for the females by averaging 

 the averages of each rat's thirty-six trials in training and reten- 

 tion, all strains together, the group of 'completes' gives a ratio 

 of (+) 1.470; 'completes' and 'failures' give (+) 1.254. 



The test males took more time than the controls in every case 

 in training, but in retention the control males in two strains took 

 more time than the tests; the females, on the other hand, show 

 the tests taking more time in every case in retention, while in 

 training they show a few cases where the controls took slightly 

 more time. When the strains are averaged together, all the 

 groups of trials show the test averages clearly greater than the 



