PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF GONADS 375 



In this case the ovarian grafts after seven months are composed 

 of characteristic ovarian tissue. The somatic modification 

 brought about during its growth in the male was distinct, inas- 

 much as the teats of the animal, which ordinarily remain rudi- 

 mentary in the male, had increased in size and were apparently as 

 fully developed as those of a pregnant female. The psychical 

 modifications, however, were entirely negative; the animal showed 

 no feminine inclinations throughout the entire period of its life, 

 and though possessing large teats it would repel any attempts 

 of young animals to suckle. Here, then, the gonad is associated 

 with the development of one of the ' homologous ' characters but 

 there is no evidence that 'heterologous' characters were inhibited. 



Male, 72 A. March 27, 1919 (approximately thirty days old), 

 testes removed. Two (|) ovaries grafted intraperitoneally, two (^) 

 ovaries subcutaneously, ovaries from female of same age. April 19th, 

 second operation repeated as above, ovaries from nineteen day female. 



In the course of six weeks or two months after the ovarian 

 transplantation the teats of the mammary glands of the male 

 increased remarkably in size, and by the end of July compared 

 favorably in size with those of a pregnant female near term. 



Observations on the behavior of the animal were made during 

 a period of three months, and its reactions were found to differ 

 in no essential manner from the reactions of the animals described 

 above. The psychical characteristics were typically those of the 

 male: interest in strange animals placed in the cage, the sex call 

 of the male, and attempts at copulation were the reactions ob- 

 served and interpreted as male-like. The reactions, however, 

 were somewhat less vigorous than the usual normal male reac- 

 tions. Tested with young guinea-pigs, the male showed no 

 reactions that could be used as an indication of femaleness: not 

 only did the animal fail to respond to the young with a maternal 

 attitude, but it would fight away the young ones when they at- 

 tempt to suckle, and this at the time the mammary glands were 

 at the height of their growth. 



The animal was killed November 15, 1919, but at this time the 

 mammary glands had undergone some regression. Figure 1 A is 

 a photograph of the animal taken two days before killing, to 



