HYPOPHYSIS CEKEBRI OF CALIFORNIA GROUND-SQUIRREL 187 



lying peripherally in the alveoli themselves were more frequently 

 of the granular type. In the smaller animals, as a class, he found 

 that the more even distribution of the two cell types made any 

 such localization of little worth. Lothringer ('86) found a 

 peripheral arrangement of the chromophile elements in the horse, 

 dog and in man similar to that described by Dostoiewsky. Rogo- 

 witsch (89) described the so-called 'Kernhaufen' in the pars 

 distalis. In this tissue the cell borders are fused and indistinct 

 and appear much like embryonic connective tissue. Schonemann 

 ('92) describes the chromophobes as having ill-defined borders 

 and a diffusely granular cytoplasm. Scaffidi ('04), using orange 

 G and acid fuchsin describes 'orange G staining cells' and 'fuch- 

 sinophile cells,' to each of which he attributes an independent 

 secretion. Trautmann ('09) classified them as chromophobic, 

 weakly chromophilic, and strongly chromophilic, the latter two 

 types being either acidophile or basophile. 



Considerable disagreement exists among the older writers 

 concerning the functional individuality of the various cell types. 

 Benda ('00) believes them to be of one and the same cell type 

 in different phases of functional activity. According to him, 

 the chromophobic cells, by the accumulation of granular matter, 

 become chromophilic, and these, after the elimination of their 

 secretory matter, in turn, chromophobic. St. Remy ('92), 

 Herring ('09), Stendell, and others are of the same general 

 opinion with slight modifications. Guerrini ('05) and Scaffidi 

 ('04) believe in the existence of different functional types. The 

 sum total of evidence from a number of papers seems to leave 

 the exponents of the latter view quite in the minority. The 

 relative changes in the cell types in pathological conditions 

 in man and animals (hypophysectomy, thyroidectomy, acro- 

 megaly, gigantism, etc.) has led to much speculation as to the 

 possible individuality of them. Biedl ('13) gives a general 

 review of these papers. 



The pars infundibularis is characterized by the greater abun- 

 dance of basophile cells which it contains. Herring states that 

 there are a few deeply staining cells, but that they never contain 

 eosinophile granules. 



