ERUPTION OF THE PERMANENT TEETH 121 



Schwerz (47) reports the results of measuring 960 boys and 818 

 girls of Schaf'fhausen, Switzerland, in which the Swiss boys are 

 4 cm. less in stature at all ages than the Ann Arbor American 

 boys, and the increase in rate of growth is at about the same 

 periods, 9, 14 and 17 years. The Ann Arbor German boys have 

 1 or 2 cm. greater stature than the Swiss boys until the age 

 of 14 years after which the German boys attain a stature which is 

 4 cm. greater at 15 years and 7 cm. greater at 16 years, this, too, 

 in spite of the fact that the Swiss boys are six months older at 

 each period than the Ann Arbor German boys. The differences 

 that exist between the Swiss boys and the Ann Arbor German 

 boys also exist to about the same extent between Swiss girls iand 

 Ann Arbor girls. The periods of rapid growth are about the same 

 in the two groups. 



The cephalic index, face index, etc. of the two gi-oups are about 

 the same thus signifying that the two groups, Swiss and Ann 

 Arbor Germans, are of the same stock, the Alpine or middle 

 European, rather than of the Nordic or Mediterranean stocks. 

 Schwerz compares the Berlin German children with the Turin 

 Itahan children in both the poorer classes and the well-to-do 

 classes, with the result that the Berlin children are taller at each 

 age in both classes and both sexes. The well-to-do boys of 

 Berlin have about the same stature at all ages as the American 

 boys at Ann Arbor and the boys of the poor in Berlin are only 

 slightly less tall at each age (1 to 2 cm.) than the Ann Arbor 

 German boys. The well-to-do girls of Berlin are slightly taller 

 at each age than the American girls of Ann Arbor, and the poor 

 girls of Berlin are only slightly less tall (1 to 2 cm.) than the Ann 

 Arbor German girls. The Turin boys and girls are in all groups 

 and at all ages from 5 to 10 cm. less in stature than the Berlin 

 children. Thus the three stocks of Europe, Nordic, Alpine and 

 Mediterranean, are represented by the Berlin, Schaffhausen and 

 Turin children respectively (?) and it would appear that the 

 Milwaukee children are Nordic, the Ann Arbor American chil- 

 dren are Nordic and Alpine, and the Ann Arbor German children 

 are Alpine. The effect of nutrition or environment cannot be 



