348 MARGARET R. LEWIS AND WARREN H. LEWIS 



those of other observers. It is important then that we should 

 as far as possible submit the bodies herein under consideration 

 to already established criteria for mitochondria. 



While these bodies fulfil Benda's ('99) original criterion for 

 mitochondria in embryonic cells in that they stain blue with 

 alizarine, we have made no effort to fulfil Montgomery's ('11) 

 criterion that they must show an unbroken cycle from egg to 

 somatic cell to anlage sex cell and back to the fertilized egg. 

 They do, however, correspond with Duesberg's ('11) criterion 

 for mitochondria in the adult cell, in that they are seen in the 

 fresh preparation, dissolved by acetic acid, preserved by osmic 

 acid, and stain by the same dyes as the mitochondria in em- 

 bryonic cells, that is, green with Janus green in the fresh prep- 

 arations (Michaelis '99, Laguesse '99, Bensley '11, Cowdry '12); 

 stain blue with Benda's stain (Benda '03, Meves, '08, Duesberg 

 '09); red with Bensley's anilin fuchsin, methylen green stain 

 (Bensley '11, Cowdry '12), and black with Heidenhain's iron 

 hematoxylin. 



Janus green caused the death of the growth after a few hours, 

 and frequently the mitochondria separated into granules (fig. 21). 

 For this reason Janus green was used only to identify various 

 granules as mitochondria but never for any observations upon 

 the changes in shape, size or quantity of mitochondria. 



These bodies have been given various names — mitochondria 

 and chondriomiten by Benda; chondrioconten, chondriosomen, 

 chondrion and plastosomen by Meves; plasmafaden, plasma- 

 koren by Retzius; paramiton or miton by Flemming; micro- 

 somen by Van Beneden; granules and filament by Altman, etc. 



Position of mitochondria 



Great variation occurs in the arrangement of the mitochondria 

 even in the same kind of cells in the same preparation, not 

 only in the living but also in the fixed preparations. It is not 

 uncommon for the mitochondria to be more or less evenly 

 scattered throughout the cytoplasm and the various processes 

 of the cell. They have been observed even in the extremely 



