THE PELVIS OF BURROWING MAMMALS 193 
icus, the European mole (Talpa europea), Scaptochirus sp., 
Urotichus sp., and Galemys sp., were examined. In all but 
Galemys the symphysis is absent, and even in this case the pubic 
bones diverge posteriorly and the symphysis appears as a rod 
of bone uniting the two sides. It was found that in Scaptochirus 
the pubic bones converge anteriorly and form a complete 
secondary symphysis dorsal to the viscera. Dobson (’82) found 
the same condition in Mogera wogura (fig. 14). In all cases 
the pelvis is horizontal (fig. 15) and the transverse processes 
of the sacral and caudal vertebrae are codssified and the second 
caudal vertebra is fused to the ischium in all but the star-nosed 
mole (Condylura) in which the transverse processes of the 
caudal vertebrae are greatly reduced. The pelvis is very long 
and narrow in all cases. 
Solenodon, the only member of the family Solenodontidae 
examined, possesses the symphysis well developed. Among the 
Tenrecidae, Ericulus setosis, Tenrec ecaudatus, Hemicentetes 
semispinosus, Ericulus setosus, and Oryzorictes hova have been 
studied. Here the pubic bones converge posteriorly and the 
symphysis is formed by the line of contact between the two 
bones rather than by a rod of bone from the two sides as in the 
two preceding families. The bones are slightly separated in 
Tenree and Ericulus with a heavy ligament uniting them, but 
in others the symphysis is present. The inclination of the 
pelvis is greater than among the moles and the shrews. 
The South African golden mole (Chrysochloris leucorhina of 
the family Chrysochloridae) was examined in the flesh. It was 
found to resemble other moles (Talpidae) in that the pubic 
bones diverge posteriorly and are widely separated. The angle 
of the pelvis was not determined. 
Lecke (’84) reports that the ontogeny of the insectivors agrees 
with the phylogeny, that the pelvis represents a high degree of 
specialization and that the symphysis appears in the embryo of 
all the members of the group and is lost later. 
