THE LACHRYMAL GLAND 151 



Leydig ('57), Frey ('59), Henle ('73), Ellenberger ('88), Toldt 

 ('01), V. Ebner ('02), Bohm and Davidoff ('03), and others 

 have described the lachrymal gland of man and domestic animal 

 as being in general tubulo-acinous in form. Flemming ('88), 

 Stohr ('91), Zimmermami ('98), Sobotta ('02), and Schirmer, 

 among others, describe it as a compound tubular gland, while 

 Franck ('83), Langer ('90), and Leiserung-Mueller-Ellenberger 

 ('90) describe it as being of the acinous type. 



Boll's ('68) research on the lachrymal glands of the pig, sheep, 

 calf, and dog was one of the first of importance. His work was 

 confined to the star-shaped supporting cells surrounding the 

 alveoli. Later ('71) he compares the structure of this gland to 

 that of the salivary gland. 



Schwalbe ('87) divides the gland into ''eine grossere compacte 

 obere, die obere Thranendriise (Glandula lachrymalis superior s. 

 innominata Galeni; Portio superior s. orbitalis [Sappey] und eine 

 kleinere aus locker geordneten Lappchen gebildete untere, die 

 untere Thranendriise (Glandula lachrymalis inferior s. glandulae 

 congregatae Monroi; Portio inferior s. palpebralis [Sappey])." 



Much of the later investigation has been confined to the study 

 of secretion granules and the secretory changes in the lachrymal 

 gland during rest and activity. Among the most important of 

 these are the contributions of Langley ('79), Reichel ('80), 

 Nicolas ('92), Solger ('96), Kolossow ('98), Lor ('98), Noll ('01), 

 and Puglisi-AUegra ('04) . 



Maziarski ('02), using the method of Born, constructed a 

 model of the human lachrymal gland. "Es ist eine deutlich 

 tubulose Driise ; es ware also ganz unrichtig, sie mit den Speichel- 

 driisen zu vergleichen." 



Fleischer ('04) follows with an extensive article on the structure 

 of the lachrymal gland of the ox. 



Numerous other contributions have appeared dealing with 

 special phases of the lachrymal gland, among which may be 

 named Merkel ('83), Kirchstein ('94), Stanculeanu and Theor- 

 hari ('98), Gamier ('00), Axenfeld ('00), Alt ('00), Dubreuil 

 ('07), Gotz ('08), and Riquier ('11). 



