118 ZOOPHYTES. 
Fara Il. Serretarmx. Ovulis in vesiculo inclusis, gemmis lateralibus persis- 
tentibus: corallis corneis, caliculis sessilibus. 
Genera. Antennularia, Plumularia, Sertularia, Thuiaria, Thoa, Pasythea. 
Faonrra I. Campanunarr®. Ovulis in vesiculo inclusis, gemmis lateralibus per- 
sistentibus ; corallis corneis, caliculis pedicellatis. 
Genera. Laomedea, Campanularia. 
Fania IV. Tusvtarms. Gemmulis nudis caduceis, juxta tentaculos enascentibus ; 
animalia szepe coralligena, corallis corneis, tubulatis. 
Genera. Pennaria, Tubularia, Syncoryna, Corydendrium, Eudendrium, Coryna, 
Hydractinia. 
A BRIEF REVIEW OF THE PRINCIPAL SYSTEMS OF CLASSIFICATION OF FORMER AUTHORS. 
—The principal systems of classification in this department of Zoology, are those of 
Lamarck, Lamouroux, Schweigger, Blainville, Ehrenberg, and Milne Edwards. 
Lamarex.—This author included under the head of Polyps, the Infusoria and Rotifera, 
together with the Corallinee (Alge) and Sponges. ‘The following are his subdivisions, 
as given in the second edition of his work on Invertebrate Animals, with their equiva- 
lents, where there are such, in the system adopted. 
Orpo I. Ponyet ernrari. Includes the Infusoria and Rotifera. 
Orpo II, Potyrr prnuparr, or naked polyps. A group of unrelated genera, compris- 
ing the Hydre, part of the Zoanthidee, and part of the Tubularidie. 
Orpo III. Potypr vacrnart, or coralligenous polyps, subdivided as follows: 
1. “ Polypiers fluviatiles,” some fresh-water Bryozoa with the Spongille. 
2. “ Polypiers vaginiformes.” The Hydroidea, excepting the Hydre, together with 
some Bryozoa and Coralline Alge. 
3. “ Polypiers a reseau.” Mostly Bryozoa, 
4. “ Polypiers foraminés ;? compact calcareous corals with small cells, without 
rays. The Tubipore of the Aleyonaria, and the Favosites, Catenipora and Milleporze of 
the Madrepore tribe, with some others. 
5. “ Polypiers lamelliféres.” Calcareous with rayed cells. The coralligenous As- 
traacea, Caryophyllacea, and the Madreporacea, excepting the Favosites, Catenipore, 
and Milleporee. 
6. “ Polypiers corticiféres.’ The Antipathi and Gorgonide, with many of the 
Coralline Algw. 
~7. “ Polypiers empatés.” The Sponges, with some of the Coralline Algze. 
Orvo IV. Potyrr rusrrert. The family Aleyonide, 
Orpvo V. Potyrrt Narvantes. The Pennatulide from among the Aleyonaria, together 
with the family of Encrinites, which belong with Echinoderms. 
Lamovrovux.—Lamouroux, excluding the first order of Lamarck, arranges Zoophytes 
in three groups. 1. Those that are flexible or not entirely stony ; 2. Those that are 
stony and not flexible; and 3. Those that are fleshy (sarcoid) without a central axis. 
He included in the first division, the Hydroidea, part of the Bryozoa, the Coralline, 
Sponges, and Gorgonide ; in the 2d. The remainder of the Bryozoa, the Caryophyllia, 
Astrea, and Madrepore tribes, together with the ‘‘Foraminés” of Lamarck; and in the 
3d. The Aleyonia, Zoanthidw, and other unallied species, 
ScmwerccerR.—Schweigger divides Zoophytes into Z, Mononyna, and Z, HETERO- 
