CLASSIFICATION OF ZOOPHYTES. 119 
Famiry IL. Serrutarrmx. Ovules enclosed in ovarian vesicles ; buds lateral, per- 
sistent: coralla corneous, calicles sessile. 
Genera. Antennularia, Plumularia, Sertularia, Thuiaria, Thoa, Pasythea. 
Famity II]. Campanutaripm. Ovyules enclosed in ovarian vesicles; buds lateral, 
persistent ; coralla corneous, calicles pedicellate. 
Genera. Laomedea, Campanularia. 
Fairy IV. Tusvraripm. Caducous gemmules growing from near the base of the 
tentacles, and naked ; often coralligenous, coralla corneous, tubular. 
Genera, Pennaria, Tubularia, Syncoryna, Corydendrium, Endendrium, Coryna, Hy- 
dractinia. 
HYLA, separating thus the fleshy species from the others ; the former including Lamarck’s 
orders, I., IL., 1V., and the latter, the remainder of his orders. The Zoophyta Heterohyla 
are subdivided as follows : 
1. Lithophyta nullipora. Nullipores, lately shown to be of vegetable nature, secre- 
ting lime. 
2. Lithophyta porosa. The Madrepore tribe, excluding the Favosites and Catenipore:. 
3. Lithophyta lamellosa. The coralligenous Astreeacea and Caryophyllacea. 
4, Lithophyta fistulosa, Lamarck’s “ Polypiers foraminés.” 
5. Ceratophyta spongiosa, Sponges, and some Alcyonidee. 
6. Ceratophyta tubulosa, The Hydroidea (excluding the Hydride), the Tubularide 
in part, and some of the Bryozoa. 
7. Ceratophyta foliacea, Bryozoa. 
8. Ceratophyta corticosa. ‘The Antipathi and Gorgonide. 
9. Penne marine. ‘The Pennatulide. 
Brainvitte.—Blainville includes under the name Zoophytes, the fleshy Actinie as 
well as the coralligenous species, and also the Echinoderms, Acalepha, and Sponges. 
The Sponges constitute his ‘ Amorphozoaires,” and the other species, the ‘ Aclinozo- 
aires.” ‘The ‘* Actinozoaires” are distributed as follows : 
Crass I. “ Crrrmoprrmatres,” including the Echinoderms, 
Cuass II. ““AracunopEerMarres.” The Acalephe. 
Crass III. “ Zoanrnarres.” The Actinide, Zoanthide, together with the coralligenous 
Astraacea, Caryophyllacea, and Madreporacea, excluding from the last the Antipathi, 
Millepor, and Fayosites, nearly as was done by Lamarck. 
Crass IV. “ Potyprarres.” Includes the Milleporw, under which name Blainville 
follows Lamouroux in comprising various unallied genera, characterized by the small 
non-radiate cells of the corallum; and in other divisions, the Bryozoa and Hydroidea, 
Crass V. “ Zoopnyrarres.” Corresponding to the Aleyonaria. 
We perceive in this classification a great advance beyond those preceding it. The 
Aleyonaria, before widely distributed, are here united in a single group: the Actinidze 
are arranged with the coral polyps; the Bryozoa are mostly grouped together, and the 
Hydroidea are brought into close association, although still the Hydra forms a sub-class 
next to the Sertularide, instead of being united with them, 
Enrrenserc.—Ehrenberg divides Zoophytes—his Anthozoa—into the two orders, 
Zoocorallia and Phytocorallia. The former, ‘ Animal Zoophytes,” contains the fleshy 
