16 



the dorsal ones unequal, irregular ; the central of the lower 

 m:irj;inal ossieuln with four and tlie apic:il ones with a |)air 

 of spines. Allied to Cli/iuna.i/cria. (Jray, Ann. N. H. 

 1840, p. !288. Asti-ropsis, sp., Miiller. 



1 . Poiamti f/iMosa, Gray, Ann. N. H. 18 10, p. 288. A.i- 

 teriiis jiiilrillus, O. Miiller, Zool. Dan, t. 19. Asteropsis 

 pufrinm; Miill. & Troseh. Ast. Ot, t. 8. f. 3, 128. Asterias 

 f/id/)os>ix, Jjcnch, Brit. Mus. 1817. Axt. cr/uestris?, 'fhom])- 

 sou, Maij. Nat. llist.ix. 2'M. Goniastfr Tcinjik'toni, l'\)rl)cs, 

 Worn. Trans. 18:5!), p. C), t. L f. 1, 2. Inhah. Isle of .Vrraii 

 and Plymouth Sound, Dr. IV. E. Leach, 1817. Isle of 

 Man, Douglas Bay, /. R. Wallace, Esq. 



See a. Asterias vernieina, Lnmk. Hi.it. ii. 554. As- 

 teropsis vernieina, Miill. ^ Troseh. Ast. 66 ; Panama. 



III. AsTEUi.v.v. Body rather pyramidical, 5-rayed; the 

 back convex ; the oral surface fiat ; the ossicula of each 

 surface furnished with one or more mobile tapering spines ; 

 tlio margin sharp-edged ; each of the ossicula with a mar- 

 giiud series of sj)ines; amhnlaeral spines placed in gi'oups 

 of four or live. Gray, Ann. X. H. 1810, p. 289 ; Nardo. 



1. Asterina (fihhosa. Each of the ossicula of the oral 

 surface with a central pair of mobile tapei-ing spines. Each 

 of the marginal ossicula of the dorsal surface with a pair 

 of spines, of the discal one with many crowded ])airs ; back 

 with scries of distinct pores. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1810, 

 p. 289; Forbes. Asterias gibbosa. Pennant, B. Z. iv. 121. 

 n. 6 ; Flem. B. A. 486. Pentaeeros plieatus et concavus, 

 Linck, 25, t. 3. f. 20. Asteriscus exigua. Pet. Gaz. t. 16. 

 f. 8. Ast. rainuta, Linn. ? Ast. stellata obtusa eiliata, 

 Linn. F. Suer. 2112. Asterina minuta, Agassizl Asterias 

 puleliella, Blainv. ?, Faun. Fran(;. t. ; Man. Malac. t. 22. 

 f. 8. Asterias vcrraieulata, Miill. S( Troseh. Ast. 41. In- 

 liab. Plymouth Sound, Dr. IV. E. Leach ; Ireland, Linck ; 

 Marseilles, Dr. IV. E. Leach; Sicily, JV. Swainson, Esq.; 

 ^Madeira, Rev. — Bulwer. 



2. Asterina Burtonii. Rays elongate, convex, blunt at 

 the end ; each of the ossicula of the oral surface with a 

 central group of three crowded mobile tajjcriug spines ; of 

 the dorsal surface with a crowded group of short tubercles. 

 Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 289. Inhab. Red Sea, James 

 Burton, Esq. 



3. Asterina minuta. Each of the ossicula of the oral 

 surface with a single spine or a central grouji of three 

 crowded mobile spines ; of the dorsal surface granular, 

 with a few very small spicula on the upper edge ; and of 

 the margin with a spreading tuft of spines. Gi'ay, Ann. 

 N. H. 1840, p. 289. A.'^tcriscus miuutus, Mdll. &; Troseh. 

 Ast. \:\. Asterias minuta, Linn.; Gmelin? Asterias ex- 

 igua, Lamk. n. 43 ; Seba, iii. t. 5. f. 15. 



Var. 1. Larger; each ol' the ossicula of the oral surface 

 with three spines. Var. 2. Smaller; each of the ossicula 

 with one, rarely with two spines. Monstrosity 1. Rays 4; 

 and 2, rays 6. Inhab. iVmerica, Linn. West Indies, St. 

 Vincent's, Rev. L. Guildiny. 



The specimens of the two varieties exactly resemble 

 each other except in the characters mentioned, and they 

 appear to have been taken at the same time. 



4. Asterina Krausii. Olive-green ; the central ossicula 

 of the oral sui'face spineless, those near the margin with 

 a single central triangular si)ine ; the dorsal ossicula with 

 a series of miiuite, very short blunt spines. Gray, Ann. 

 N. H. 1840, J). 289. Asteriscus Krausii, Miill. ^- Troseh. 

 Ast. 42; E. M. t. 100. f. 4, 5. Inhab. Cape of Good 

 Hope, Dr. Kraus. 



5. Asterina Gininii. The central ossicula of the oral 

 surface with one and the marginal ones with a pair of 

 cylindrical l)lnnt spines; the dorsal ossicula with radiating 

 groups of short cylindrical spinulosc sjuucs ; body with 

 six slightly concave sides. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1810, p. 

 Asteriscus anstralis, Miill. &; Troseh. Ast. 43. 



A'ar. Body five-sided. ^'ar. or Monstrosity with two 

 dorsal wai'ts. luhab. Van Diemen's Land, Ronald Gvnn, 

 Esq. 



6. Asterina calcar. All the ossicula of the lower surface 

 with a single central cylindrical blunt spine; the dorsal 

 ones with numerous short tapering spiuulosc spines ; body 

 convex, with 8 rather elongate blunt rays. Gray, Ann. 

 N. H. 1840, p. . Asterias calcar, Lamk. 17; Oudart, 

 t. . f . . Inhab. Van Diemen's Laud, Dr. Lhotsky and 

 Mr. G. B. Sowerby. 



See a. Asteriscus Cephcus, Miill. &; Troseh. Ast. 41. b. 

 Asteriscus pentagonus, Miill. ^- Troseh. Ast. 42 ; Seba, t. 5. 

 f. 13; .E. M t. 100. f. 3. c. Asterias penicillaris, Lamk. 

 ii. 555 ; Asteriscus peuicilhu'is, Miill. ^ Troseh. Ast. 42. 

 d. Asteriscus Diesingi, Miill. i^ Troseh. Ast. 43. 



IV. Petricia. Body convex, 5-rayed. Skin above and 

 below varnished aiul spineless. Back strengthened with 

 numerous, sunken, moderate-sized ossicula ; the margin 

 with two series of lai'gcr oblong ossicula, but spineless ; 

 the oral surface with rather regularly disposed smaller 

 ossicula. Ambulacral spines subidate, placed in pairs, 

 with a second series of similar bvit rather larger spines on 

 the outer side of them. Gray, P. Z. S. 18 10, ]>. 80. 



This genus is very like Porania, but the back does not 

 appear to be angular, the margin is edged with spines, and 

 the ambulacral spines are in ])airs, and not single as in 

 that genus. The ossicida of the back and oral surface are 

 punctiu'cd ; and one of them, situated near the edge of the 

 back, in the middle space between the arms, is furnished 

 with a linear pore edged with convex lips. 



t 



1. Petricia punctata (T. 6. f. 1). Orange when dry. 

 Gray, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 80 ; Ann. N. JL 1847, p. 202. 

 Inhab. the Reef of Attagor, /. B. Jukes, Esq. 



There is a single specimen of this species in the British 

 Museum collection. 



\. Patiria. The body pvTamidical, coriaceous, with 

 5 ravs : the ossicula of the oral surface with uniform ra- 

 diating grouj)s of small s])incs ; of the dorsal surface of two 

 kinds — the one crescent-shaped with series of small luindles 

 of spines, the others bearing in-egular round bundles of 

 spines between them. The upperside, between the angles 

 of the arms, is covered with small, roundish groups of 

 spines. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1810; P. Z. S. 1817, p. 82. 



