12 



B. Echina.stcriiKi. The body (Hsroidal, many -rayed ; skeleton 

 netted icith numerous elunyuted doubly mobile articu- 

 lated spines on mammillary tubercles ; dorsal warts nu- 

 merous. 



XIX. EcnixASTEii. ]?0(ly star-like, granulated, de- 

 pressed; l)aek rather cou vex, with a circle of 1()-15 conical 

 dorsal warts ! Ainhulacral spines small, placed in groups 

 with a single continuous row of large slender spines near 

 tlieni. The spines are very long and covered \\ ith a gra- 

 nular skin, and have generally a second articulation about 

 one-third the length from the base. Gray, Syn. Brit. 

 Miis. 62; Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 281. E. sp., Miill. ^- 

 Trosch. Ast. 25. 



1. Echinaster Ellisii. Dorsal warts 15 ; rays 11 or 12; 

 spines large, thick, (rray, Ann. N.H. 1810, p. 281. As- 

 terias echinus, Solander and Ellis, t. GO, (51, 62. Echi- 

 naster Solaris, Miill. ^- Trosch. Ast. 25. Asterias echinitcs, 

 Lam. Inhab. South America, H. Cuming, Esq. 



2. Eciiinaster Solaris. Rays 21 ; spines small ; dorsal 

 warts 10. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 281. Asterias So- 

 laris, Natttrforscher, xxviii. t. 1, 2. Inhab. . 



C. Cribellina. The body divided into cylindrical, elongated 

 rays ; dorsal ivari single. 



a. Ambulacra ivith a single series of crowded filiform spities, 

 sometimes united by a membrane at their base. 



t Smooth, the rays netted, trith tnobile spines, with im- 

 pressed riots between the network ; dorsal wart con- 

 vex, fiat-topped, with a few radiating grooves. 



* Spine single, large, on the junction of the ossicula, which 

 are placed in equidistant series. 



XX. Othilia. Skin smooth, polished ; ambulacra with 

 two very close series of filiform spines. Gray. Ann. N. H. 

 1840, p'. 281. Echinaster, sp., Miill. ^ Trosch. Ast. 22. 



1. Othilia spinosa. Rays rather more than twice the 

 length of the width of the body. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, 

 p. 281. Asterias spinosa, Retz. Peutadactylosaster spi- 

 nosus, Linck, t. 4. f. 17. Asterias echinojihora. Lam. n. 

 25, not Chiaj'e. Stcllaria spinosa, JV«;y/o, ^^rt.s«i~. Eciii- 

 naster spinosus, Miill. ^- Trosch. Ast. 72. Inhab. North 

 America, Virginia. 



2. Othilia aculeata. Rays cylindrical, more than thi'ec 

 or four times as long as the breadth of the body, with 

 seven rows of acute sjjines. Young (or var.) arms with 

 only five series of similar spines. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, 

 p. 282. Inhab. Guacomayo, Central America, fine sand, 

 13 fathoms, H. Cuming, Esq. 



3. Othilia multisjiina. Rays short, depressed, broad, 

 rather more than twice as long as the width of the body, 

 blunt at the end, with eleven rows of acute distant spines. 

 Gray, Ann. N. If. 1 840, p. 282 ; Seha, t. 7. f. 4. I'A'hinaster 

 brasilionsis, Miill. ^- Trosch. Ast. 72. Inhab. 13razils. 



1. Othilia purpurea. Purplisli; i-ays cylindrical, nearly 

 three times as long as the width of the body, with nume- 

 rous shoi't, rather blunt spines; underside with cross 

 wrinkles and two or three series of pores parallel to the 

 ambulacra. Monstrosity 4-rayed. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, 

 }). 282. Echinaster fallax, Miill. cV Trosch. Ast. 2.'} ; Savig. 

 Descr. Egypt, Eehin. t. 4. f. 3. Inhab. "Isle of Erauee/' 

 W. E. Leach, M.D. 



5. Othilia Luzonica. Reddi.^h brown ; rays 5 or 6, elon- 

 gate, four times as long as the width of the body, with 

 many blunt spines. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 282. In- 

 hab. Isle of Luzon, H. Cuming, Esq. 



See a. Echinaster erassus, Miill. i^ Trosch. Ast. 23 

 (Mus. Paris), b. Echinaster gracilis, Miill. ts; Trosch. Ast. 

 23 (j\Ius. Paris), c. Echiuaster eradauella, 3/(7//, ^- Trosch. 

 Ast. 24 ; New Zealand, d. Echinaster serpeutarius, Miill. 

 ^- Trosch. Ast. 24 ; Vera Cruz. 



XXI. Metrodira. Slightly granular ; rays slender, with 

 large single pores and small scattered spines on the back ; 

 smooth, and formed of rcgidar flat ossicula on the sides. 

 Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 282. 



1. Metrodira subulata. Yellow brown; rays elougatedj 

 slender, tapering. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 282. Sey- 

 taster subulatus, Miill. i^Trosch. Ast. 3G. Inhab. Migupou, 

 H. C anting, Esq. 



** Spines small, crowded, scattered on the sides and at 

 the junctions uf the slender ossicula. 



XXII. Rhopia. Ambulaeral spines long, with several 

 series of larger spines near them. Gray, Ann. N.H. 1840, 

 p. 282. Stellonia (part.), Jgassiz. 



1. Rhopia seposita. Gray, Ann. N. 11. 1810, p. 282. 

 Echinaster sepositus, MiiU. & Trosch. Ast. 23, 126. Aste- 

 rias sanguinolenta and A. sagena, Retz. Diss. 21, 22. Echi- 

 naster sanguinolentus, Miill. & Trosch. Ast. 127. A.iterias 

 seposita, Retz. Nov. Ac. 1783, p. 229; Gmel. 3182; Lam. 

 u. 30; Seba, iii. t. 7. f. 5. Peutadactylosaster retieulatus, 

 Linck, t. 4. f. 5. Stellonia seposita, Nardoj Agassiz. 



2. Rhopia Mediterranea. Yellow ; rays 6, tapering, nearly 

 three times as long as the width of the body ; spines short, 

 cylindrical. 



^'ar. ? Rays 7, unequal ; spines shorter. Gray, Ann. 

 N.H. 1810, p. 282. Inhab. Marseilles. 



tt Granulated, the rays above largely tnbercular, not spi- 

 710US, with minute dots between the tubercles, beneath 

 uniform ; dorsal wurt triangular, irregularly punctate 

 and contorted. 



XXIII. Ferdina. Body flat ; rays broad, convex and 

 warty above, flat and uniform beneath ; ambulaeral s])incs 

 short, united at the base. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 282. 



1. Ferdina fiavescen-s. Yellow, brown varied ; rays nearly 

 half as long again as the width of the body, uniiormlv tu- 

 bercular, blunt. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 282. lu"hab. 

 Isle of France, IV. E. Leach, M. D. 



