broad, strap-shaped. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1810, p. 182. 

 Ardiastcr anjfulatus, Miill. i^Trusch. Ast.GC). Iiiluih. Isle 

 of France. 



** 



Upper series of marginal tubercles spineless. 



12. Astropecten viesodiscus . Rays elongate, slender, ta- 

 pering ; npper marginal tnbereles narrow, with two series 

 of short small tnbereles like grannies, one on each of the 

 margins; lower spines broad, elongate. Gray, Ann. N. 

 H. 1840, p. 182 ; Linck, 2!), t. 1. f. 1(5. Inhab. . 



13. Astropecten gracilis. Rays elongate, slender, gra- 

 dnally tapering; upper marginal plates rather broad, gran- 

 ular, with fine spines on the sutiu'e between them ; lower 

 s])ines small, blunt, depressed. Gray, Ann. N. H. 18 10, 

 J). 282. Inhab. . Like the former, but arms nar- 

 rower. 



14. -Astropecten irregtilaris. Rays rather broad, taper- 

 ing ; the upper tubercles rather broad, with a series of one 

 or two scattered tubercular spines near the tip; lower 

 spines depressed, acute. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 182 ; 

 Linck, 27, t. 6. f. 13. Ast. aiu-antiaea, Miiller, Z. D. t. 83. 

 Ast. Johnstonii, Chiaje? Inhab. Pembrokeshire, Linck. 



15. Astropecten duhius. Rays broad, tapering; upper 

 margiiud tubercles rather broad, granular, spineless (?) ; 

 lower spines broad, depressed. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, 

 p. 182. Inhab. West Indies. 



*** Upper and lower margin spineless, serrated (?) . 



16. Astropecten regularis, Gray, Ann. N.H. 1840, p. 182; 

 Linck, 2(), t. 8. f. 11. Asterias petalodea, Retz. Aster. 16. 

 n. 14 ? Inhab. . I have never seen this species. 



3. Body 5-rayed, the arms high, narrow ; vpper marginal 

 tubercles very narrow unit erect ; the line of dorsal 

 tubercles down the centre of the arms the largest. 

 Astropus, Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 182. 



17. Astropecten longipes. Rays long and narrow; the 

 upper marginal tubercles minutely granular, and one or 

 two of them often furnished with a short broad conical 

 spine ; lower with a broad depressed blunt erect adpressed 

 spine. Monstrosity 4-rayed. Gray,Ann.N.H. 1810,p.l82. 

 Inhab. " Isle of France," Leach. 



See a. Astropecten jiolyaeantlius, Miill. ^ Trosch. 69, 

 t.5. f. 3 ; Red Sea. b. Asterias platyacanthus, Phil. IViegm. 

 Arch. 1837, ]). 193; Astropecten platyacanthus, Miill. if 

 Trosch. Ast. 70; Mediterranean, c. Astropecten hystrix, 

 Midi. i\ Trosch. Ast. 70 ; Ceylon, d. Astropecten armatus, 

 Midi. t\ Trosch. Ast. 7\ ; Japan, e. Astropecten scoparius, 

 Miill. ^ Trosch. A.'it. 71 (IMus. Paris). /. Astropecten Ilem- 

 prichii, Miill. ^- Trosch. Ast. 71 ; Red Sea. g. Asterias 

 artieulatus, Say, Joiirn. Acad. Phil. i. 141. Astropecten 

 artienlatus, Miill. i^ Trosch. 72 ; Florida, h. Asterias John- 

 stoni, Chiuje, Mem. t. 18. f. 4; Philijipi ; Astropecten John- 

 stoni, Miill. &; Trosch. Ast. 72 ; ^lediterranean. i. As- 

 tropecten serratus, Miill. t) Trosch. Ast. 72; Mediterranean. 

 _/. Asterias spinulosa, ]'hiliji/ii, IViegm. Arch. iii. p. 193; 

 .Vstropeeteu si)iuidosns, Miill. t<; Tro.ich. Ast. 72. k. Astro- 

 pecten J aponieus, 3f«//. ^- 7VoAr/i. .^s^. 73 ; Japan. I. As- 



tropecten hispidus, Miill. 6; Trosch. Ast. 73 (Mas. Leyden). 

 m. Astropecten lon^iispinus, Miill. if Trosch. Ast. 73. n. 

 Asterias i)latyacantha, ('hiaje, Mem. 1. 18. f. 1, 3; A. aran- 

 ciaca, Johnst. Mag. N. H. ix. 289, f. 43; Astropecten 

 ])latyaeanthus, Miill. >>; Trosrh. A.s-t. 74. a. Asterias sub- 

 inermis, Philli/ji, lllegin. Arch. iii. 193. p. Astropecten 

 subinermis, Miill. i,- Trosch. Ast.7l; .Sicily, y. Astropecten 

 marginatus, Miill. if Trosch. Ast. 75 (Mus. Paris), r. As- 

 tropecten Schoenleinii, Miill. i^• Trosch. Ast. 78 ; Gore. s. 

 Astropecten granulatus, Aliill. ^- Trosch. Ast. 75 (Mus. 

 Leyden) . 



b. The rays without any large tuberrcles on the margin. 



III. LuiniA. Margin of the 5 flat rays erect ; the dorsal 

 surface crowded with rcgulai- paxilli. Gray, Ann. N. H. 

 1840, p. 183. 



1. Luidia fragilissima, Forbes in Weru. Trans. 1839, 

 14; Weru. Mem. viii. 128; Mull. & Trosch. Ast. 77; 

 Gray, Ann. N. H. 1810, p. 183. Asterias rubens, Johnston 

 in Mag. N. H. 144, f. 20. Inhab. North Sea. 



2. Luidia Savignii, Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 183; 

 Miill. & Trosch. Ast. 77. Asterias Savignii, Audouin in 

 Savigny, Egypt, Eehinod. t. 3. Inhab. Red Sea. 



3. Luidia ciliaris. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 183. As- 

 terias ciliaris, Philippi in Wiegm. Ai'ch. 1837, p. 19. In- 

 hab. Sicily. 



See«. Luidia maculata, Miill. if Trosch. Ast. 77; Japan. 

 b. Asterias Seucgaleusis, Lamk. ii. 5G7; E. M. t. 121; 

 Luidia Seucgalensis, 3Iiill. ^- Trosch. A.ft. 78, t. 5. f. 4; 

 Senegal, Brazils? c. Luidia elatlu-ata, .Say ; West Indies 

 (B.M.). d. Luidia tessellata, LmM-cm ; West coast. Central 

 America (B.j\I.). 



IV. Petalaster. Margin of the rays shelving; the 

 dorsal surface with equal paxilli placed in longitudinal and 

 cross series. Gray, Ann. N.H. 1840, p. 183. Chsetaster, 

 Miill. if Trosch. Ast. 27, 1842. 



1. Petalaster Hardivickii. Rays elongated, rather slender, 

 tapering at the cud ; the dorsal tubercles with small trun- 

 cated spines, and a distinct series of rudimentarv spines. 

 Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 183. Inhab. Indian Ocean. 



2. Petalaster Columbia. Rays elongated, slender, gra- 

 dually tapering ; tubercles short, with crowded groups of 

 rather large acute spines, and a fringe of very fine radiating 

 ones. Gray, Ann. N. H. 1840, p. 183. Inhab. St. Bla.s, 

 H. Cuming, Esq. 



See a. Asterias longipes, Retz. Dis. 20; Asterias subu- 

 lata, Lamk. ii. 568; Chiaje, Mem. t. 21. f. 5,6; Cluetaster 

 subulatus, Miill. if Trosch. Ast. 27, t. 2. f. 1, 127; Medi- 

 terranean, b. Ch;etaster Hcrmanni, Miill. if Trosch. Ast. 

 27. c. ChiEtaster Troschelii, Miill. i^ Trosch. Ast. 28. 



B. The margin of the rays not edged with large tubercles, 

 simple, or ciliated, with short broad spines bearing 

 tubercles; vent none. AXWcA to Cribellina, ■p. 12. 



V. SoLAsTicR. The rays many, with two series of broad 

 spines bearing tubercles near the ambulacra. Gray, Ann. 



