‘ 
fHE MYXOSPORIDIA, OR PSOROSPERMS OF FISHES. 281 
of coagulants, as an irregular, very low and _ biconcave-excavated 
cylinder. Lutz could find no true nuclei, either before or after develop- 
ment. Micrococcus-like corpuscles (similar to those in the ectoplasm, 
see above) were present, but on account of their inconstancy, these must 
be regarded as plasmatic secretions. 
Exit of sporoplasm.—Never observed, prolonged immersion in water 
producing only a gaping of the valves, with or without a falling out of 
the capsules. 
Habitat, ete.—Gall-bladder (free-floating in and escaping with the bile) 
of Bufo agua (toad) in every one of 50 half grown to grown individuals 
taken at the most various times at one locality in Brazil; parasites 
mostly multiple, sometimes as many as 50; also in young specimens 
of Cystignathus ocellatus (toad) from 2 localities in Brazil. On the 
contrary they were absent from 2 large individuals of Bufo agua from 
other provinces of Brazil. They were also absent from all the tadpoles 
examined and from metamorphosed toads from several localities. 
EH ffects—The myxosporidia observed appeared in nowise to impair 
the histological integrity of the gall-bladder. 
98. Cystodiscus ? ? diploxys Gurley, 1893. Pl. 42, figs. 11-13. 
Pyralis 
(or Tortrix) 
viridana, diploxys. Date. Authority ; reference. 
psorosperms 
of. 
ee Ten Dee Sade enaene 1866 | Balbiani, Jonrn. Anat. et Physiol., Paris, IIT, pp. 600-2. 
ty = = al SRS Se erg ee 1867 | Balbiani, Journ. Anat. et Physiol., Paris, 1V,pp. 275, 
276, 335 (footnote), pl. 12, figs. 10-12. . 
SE Red le Se a Aa ee 1882 | Biitschli, Bronn’s 'Thier-Reich, I, p. 590. 
3S NeseR ace Sanbeae 1890 | Pteitter, Virchow’s Arch. f. path. Anat. u. Physiol., 
CXXII, p. 559. 
Xie Me aoa ee cae asic 1890 | Thélohan, Annal. d. Microgr., Paris, I, p. 193. 
OAS ENE aeeee 25s. stk 1892 | Henneguy and Thélohan, Compt. Rend. hebdom. Soc. 
Biol. Paris, LV, p. 587. 
hue EAR CB Ss eseseen 1893 | Perrier, Traité de Zool., p. 459. 
HensaqKeoseee. Cystodiscus?|} 1893 | Gurley, Bull. U.S. Fish Com. for 1891, XI, pp. 411-13. 
See Sia eee ase 1893 | Braun, Centralbl. f. Bakt. u. Parasitenkde, XIV, p. 
739. 
Ba see eae cs ate Cystodiscus?|} 1894 | Braun, Centralbl.f. Bakt. u. Parasitenkde, XV, p. 87. 
Cyst.—Spherical, 12 to 15 (in 1 individual 4) in number, 230 to 400 «. 
Membrane rather thick. Contents rounded masses composed of fine 
brownish granulations suspended ina viscid homogeneous liquid. In1 
cyst (pl. 42, fig. 12) the parasites were mixed with numerous fat-like 
globules, insoluble in caustic soda; coloring wine red with iodine. 
Spore.—Greatly resembling the “psorosperms” of fishes; elliptic or 
slightly flattened, traversed by a ridge apparently marking the line of 
valve junction. Sometimes showing 2 small brilliant twin grains placed 
at one of their extremities, sometimes 4 grains disposed in pairs at the 
2 “sends”; not visibly affected by concentrated alkalies or feeble acids; 
becoming brilliant and homogeneous in salt water. 
Habitat.—In the free state or inclosed in great spherical cysts in 
the abdominal cavity of the butterfly of Tortrix viridana (an insect). 
