no 



BJ0RN HELLAND-HANSEN 



[rep. of the "MICHAEL SARS" NORTH 



observed in the under-current was 245 centimetres per 

 second (corresponding to nearly 5 knots) at 200 metres 

 at 2 o'clock in the morning 30. April (about 22 L. H), 

 when the resultant current at 9 metres ran westwards too, 

 with a velocity of 45 cm./sec. At this time probably all 

 the water from the surface to the bottom moved from the 



marks for different depths, do not pretend to illustrate the 

 variations with even approximate correctness. The curve 

 for 40 metres, for instance, can be drawn in such a way 

 that it shows variations similar to those at 70 metres. 

 From our observations of salinity, mentioned above, it 

 seems probable that the boundary between the upper and 



10(22) 



Fig. 45. The current at Stat. 58, 9 metres. 



Mediterranean to the Atlantic. We cannot now decide 

 the question whether the whole mass of water occasionally 

 moves in the opposite direction. 



Our observations show that the velocity of the under- 

 current had a maximum, when that of the surface current 

 had a minimum, and vice versa. When one of the cur- 

 rents was strong it attained also a comparatively great 

 vertical extension. Some observations from 70 metres show 

 that the water at this depth belonged sometimes to the 

 surface current and sometimes to the under-current. The 

 broken curves in the graph on p. 101*, combining the 



under current shifted at least from 30 metres to 100 metres 

 on 29. and 30. April 1910. 



fi. Observations in the Sea S. of the Azores. 



The observations on 12. June at Stat. 58 are plotted 

 out in the figure on p. 102*. The curve marked "M. S" 

 shows that the direction of the ship usually varied rather 

 slowly (except between 9^° and IP" o'clock). The varia- 

 tions took place within comparatively narrow limits while 

 the current at 9 metres turned completely round. The 

 heading of the ship naturally depends on both current 



