THE TRIBE OF THE ANGLE-WINGS 191 



Gray Comma {Polygonia progne or Grapta progne) . Ex- 

 panse 2 inches. A white comma with tips narrowed 

 rather than expanded on lower surface of each hind wing. 



//. The Vanessids 



Our beautiful species of the genus Vanessa may be known 

 by the long scales that make up the fringe on the wing mar- 

 gins, in alternate groups of black and white. There are 

 also several white spots on the upper surface of the outer 

 angle of each front wing. 



Red Admiral {Vanessa aialanta, Pyrameis atalanta or 

 Cynthia atalanta). Expanse 2 inches. Upper surface of 

 front wings blackish, marked with w^hite spots on outer 

 angle and a broad orange stripe across the middle. 



Painted Beauty (Vanessa hunter a, Pyrameis huntera or 

 Cynthia huntera). Expanse 2| inches. Upper surface 

 orange-brown with black, white, and blue markings. Lower 

 surface of each hind wing with two large eye-spots, each 

 extending across two veins. 



Painted Lady or Cosmopolite {Vanessa car did, Pyrameis 

 cardui or Cynthia car did). Expanse 2| inches. Easily 

 distinguished from the Painted Beauty by the four or more 

 small eye-spots on the lower surface of each hind wing, 

 each eye-spot being included betw^een two veins. 



III. Other Angle-wings 



The other common Angle- wings are readily distinguished 

 by the following characters : 



Mourning -cloak {Euvanessa antiopa or Vanessa antiopa). 

 Expanse 3| inches. Easily known by the nearly black 

 wings with creamy white borders. 



American Tortoise-shell {Aglais milberti or Vanessa 



