REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [48] 
111"" in total hight or breadth; 88"" from tip of beak to anterior end 
of palatine lamina; 20°" from tip of beak to the bottom of the notch. 
The lower mandible measured 96"" in total length; 80°" from tip of 
beak to inner end of ale; 19"" from tip to bottom of notch. 
At the present time (January, 1880), the breadth of the upper man- 
dible is about 90"; from tip of beak to anterior end of palatine lamina 
(at junction with anterior edge of al), 89""; tip of beak to bottom of 
notch, 19°"; breadth of palatine lamina, 58°"; beak to posterior end 
of frontal lamina, 90"; beak to posterior lateral edge of ale, 43"; 
notch to end of anterior edge of ale, 33""; notch to end of hardened 
or black portion of same (proper cutting edge), 17"™"; transverse 
breadth at notches, 16°". The lower mandible measures, in length, 
82™"; beak to inner end of alz, 67""; to bottom of notch, 18""; breadth, 
ale to mentum, 78"; end of ale to outer side of gular lamina, 84™"; 
inner side of gular to mentum, 50"; breadth of gular, 44™; breadth of 
ale, anterior to posterior edge, laterally, 29°"; tip of beak to posterior 
ventral end of mentum, 33"; tip to posterior lateral border of alee, in 
line with cutting edge of rostrum, 45""; posterior lateral border of ale 
to end of gular, 40""; depth of notch, 3°"; breadth of tooth, 8°"; 
notch to end of cutting or hardened edge of ale, 20; to inner end of 
ale, 55""; breadth transversely, across teeth, 16™". (See also the fol- 
lowing table of measurements of jaws). 
The beak of the upper mandible is sharp, strongly and regularly 
curved, most so near the tip; a radial ridge runs from the notch to the 
lateral borders of the ale ; the anterior or cutting edges of the ale are 
somewhat convex and irregularly crenulate. The lower mandible has a 
sharp beak, with a slight notch close to the tip; the cutting edges of 
the rostrum are otherwise nearly straight; the notches at the base are 
deep and narrow V-shaped. The teeth are rather prominent, obtuse, 
slightly bilobed at the summit; the one on the right side of the mandi- 
ble is more prominent than the other, owing to the fact that the edge 
of the ala, beyond it, is more concave in outline. There is also a broad 
and slightly prominent lobe in the middle of the anterior edges of the 
ale. The sides of the rostrum are strongly excavated toward the base 
and around the notches, and radially striated. The jaws are dark 
brown, becoming blackish toward the tips. 
