[235] CEPHALOPODS OF NORTHEASTERN COAST OF AMERICA. 
of a ridge, fitting into the siphonal cartilage; g, left gill; h, rectum; h’, termina- 
tion of the intestine or rectum; i, ink-sac; é’, duct of ink-sac; 1, portion of liver, 
in position ; m’, m’, muscular columns connecting the head and siphon with dorsal 
portion of the body; H, systemic heart, or ventricle, crossed by the artery of the 
ink-sac; a 0, bulbous base of anterior aorta; 0, ventral pallial artery, or median 
branch of the posterior aorta, supplying the ventral parts of the mantle; 0’, one of 
the caudal arteries or lateral branches of the posterior aorta going to the caudal fin 
and posterior parts of the mantle; a u, a u, branchial auricles; b v, afferent vessel 
going to the gills; b o, efferent branchial vessels, returning the blood to the ventri- 
cle, their swollen basal portions acting as auricles; v c, anterior vena-cava; 1, 7, 
ventral renal organs, two ventral sacculated branches of the vena-cava (on the left 
side, the vein from the ink-sac and rectum is shown); 7’, 7’, two pyriform renal or- 
gans, or sacculated and glandular portions of the posterior vene-cavee, directly con- 
nected with r, 7; v, vc’, lateral pallial veins, going to the dorsal sacculated divi- 
sions of the vene-cave ; ve’, vc’, two posterior venie-cave, returning from the 
caudal fin and mantle; §, the first stomach, or gizzard; 8’, large, saccular cecal ap- 
pendage of the stomach; 8”, glandular, plicated stomach, in continuation with the 
anterior portion of 8’; ¢, spermary or testicle; p 7, prostate gland, with the vesi- 
cule-seminales and spermatophore-sac ; p, efferent sperm-duct or ‘penis’; P, pos- 
terior portion of the pen. 
Figure 2.—_The same. Dorsal view of the reproductive organs, part of the renal or- 
gans, heart, etc., dissected out. The lettering is as in figure 1, with the following 
additions: vd, vd’, vas-deferens, closely folded upon itself; vs, vesicula-seminales ; 
88, spermatophore-sac ; po, genital artery; g 0, spermatic artery and vein; pt, part 
of peritoneal membrane. 
Figure 3.—Loligo Pealet. Female inthe breeding season. Oviduct, filled with ova, dis- 
sected out. Ventral view, about 4 natural size; v0, commencement of convoluted, 
thin membranous portion of oviduct ; 0d, entrance to glandular portion ; 0 d’, gland- 
ular portion of oviduct, surrounded by the large, laminated gland, x’, the arterial 
vessels of which have been injected; 0p, orifice of the oviduct. 
Figure 3a.—The same specimen, seen from the dorsal side. 
Figures 2, 3 and 3a are from drawings by the author. 
PLATE XXX. 
Figure 1.—Loligo Pealei. Embryo taken from the egg, ventral view, much enlarged ; 
a, a, a, ventral arms, tentacular arms, and third pair of sessile arms; ¢, ¢, eyes on 
stout peduncles or lobes from the sides of the head; m, mantle-edge; h, branchial 
auricles; y, unabsorbed yolk-mass. 
Figure 2._The same. An embryo, within the egg, somewhat more advanced than 
figure 2, side view, less enlarged. The lettering is as in figure 2, with the follow- 
ing additions: a’, second pair of arms; a’, third pair; a’, tentacular arms; a’’’’, 
ventral arms; s, orifice of siphon; 0, otoliths; , rudimentary caudal fins. Chro- 
matophores are developed on the mantle. 
Figure 3.—The same. Anembryo at the period of hatching. Ventral view, enlarged 
about 15 diameters. The yolk-sac (y) is nearly absorbed; a*, third pair of sessile 
arms; ta, tentacular arms; va, ventral arms; b, beak; J, odontophore; 7, teeth on 
the radula; s, siphon; 0 t, otolith; m, mantle; f, caudal fin; g, g’, gills; i, ink-sac ; 
t, rectum; h’, h’, branchial auricles; u, u’, rudiments of the stomach. 
Figure 4.—The same. Young, just hatched, seen as a transparent object, enlarged 
6 diameters; from a specimen raised from the eggs at Newport, R. I, August 
5th. Ventral view; a3, the third pair of arms; ¢ a, tentacular arms; va, ven- 
tralarms; the suckers show onta, the tentacular arms; b, the beak ; 7, odontophore ; 
e, the eye; f, caudal fin; g, gill; h, ventricle of the heart; h’, h’, branchial auri- 
cles; i, ink-bag; m, mantle; 0 ¢, otoliths; s, siphon; s’, base of siphon; t, end of in- 
testine; u, stomach; y, portion of yolk-sac, not yet absorbed. The chromatophores 
are omitted. 
