312 ANATOMICAL TECHNOLOGY. 



which is attached to the centra of the 2d, 3d and Ji-tli lumbar ver- 

 iebrw. 



It will be seen from the above that the diaphragm is attached 

 very obliquely to the body wall so that the dorsal part is caudad 

 of the ventral. The central part is strongly arched into tlie thoracic 

 cavity. 



§ 816. Posture and Preparation.— The cat should be placed in 

 a dorsicumbent posture, the abdomen opened as directed for the 

 study of the viscera (§§ 237, 710), and injected from the abdominal 

 aorta and jDostcava (§§ 363, 366). The abdominal wall should be 

 cut along a line about 2 cm, caudad of the diaphragm. The liver 

 and stomach should be drawn somewhat caudad ; the suspensory 

 ligament, the postcami and the cesophagus cut, the two last named 

 about 2 cm, from the diaphragm. Care should be taken not to 

 cut the diaphragm in any of the operations. 



The kidneys (Fig. 101) should be removed, and the aorta about 

 2 cm. caudad of the origin of the superior mesentery artery. The 

 vertebral column should be disarticulated between the 4th and 5th 

 lumbar vertebrae (Fig. 30). The superior mesenteric artery and the 

 coeliac artery and the splanchnic nerve (Fig. 103, 107, A. c, N. 

 splnch.), should be carefully isolated with the tracer, fine forceps 

 and line scissors. It is also desirable to isolate the vagus {gastric 

 nerves) on the oesophagus (see Fig. 103, 107, IS", g. d. N. g. v.). The 

 ribs should be cut near their tubercula, and then the ventral border 

 of the diaphragm drawn strongly cephalad and held in position with 

 large pins. Lastly, the fat and connective tissue should be removed 

 from the muscles so as to show the direction of the diaphragmatic 

 fibers and their interdigitations with those of the M. transver salts. 



Preparation— Fig. 90.— The tlioraclc duct (Fig. 103), the abdom- 

 inal aorta and postcava (Fig. 101) were injected. The cat was then 

 transected, following a line about 1 cm. caudad of the tip of the 

 xiphisternum and going between the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrse. 

 The ventral border of the diaphragm was drawn strongly cephalad 

 and cotton placed on the pleural side to make it nearly level. 



Explanation of Fig. 90. — Aorta, az. 



A. phrn., A. phrenica. — The phrenic or diaphragmatic artery. 



A. adrn. Imb., A. adreno-lumbalis.— The adreno-lumbar artery, a small artery aris- 

 ing from the aorta and supplying the adrenal body and the cephalic part of the lumbar 

 region. 



C, A. cceliaca, az. — The coeliac artery or coeliac axis. 



