ZOOLOGY. 37 



At Yreka a fine specimen was killed by a member of our party, and in tbe Klamath lake 

 basin the Indians had large numbers of their skins, of which the squaws make their robes. We 

 found it quite up to the Columbia, but on that river, and especially thence northward, it is 

 mostly replaced by the larger species, Lynx fasciatus. 



LYNX FASCIATUS, Kaf. 



Red Cat. 



Lynx fasciatus. Rap. Am. Monthly Mag. H, 1817, 46. 

 Baird, Gen. Eep. Mammals, 1857, 96. 



Sp. Ch. — Fur very soft and full. Ears pencilled. Color, rich chestnut brown on the back, a little paler on the sides and 

 on the throat. A dorsal darker band and collar on throat, as dark as the sides. Region along central line of belly, (rather 

 narrow one,) dull whitish, with dusky spots extending to lower part of sides. No spots or bands discernible on the upper 

 part of sides. Ears black inside, with a very inconspicuous patch of greyish. Terminal third of tail above, black. 



In the region traversed by our party, south of the Columbia river, we hardly entered the 

 range of this large lynx. "We saw but a single individual, and that one was not killed. 



The banded lynx, like the Canada lynx, (L. canadensis,) though a large and powerful 

 animal, is cowardly, and has never been known to attack man. It is more boreal than the red 

 lynx, and exists from the vicinity of the Columbia to a considerable distance beyond the British 

 line. His subsistence is made up of all the smaller animals inhabiting the region where he is 

 found, together with birds and fish when he can catch them. He is supposed by the hunters 

 and Indians sometimes to kill the deer unaided, but this wants confirmation. 



CANIS OCCIDENTAL-IS var. GRISEO-ALBUS. 



Gray Woli. 



Baird, General Report Mammals, 1857, 104. 



Though much less common than the " coyote," the large grey wolf is found in all the unin- 

 habited parts of California and Oregon. Very few were seen by members of our party, none were 

 killed, and we had everywhere evidence that this species is much less numerously represented 

 on the Pacific coast than on the Upper Missouri. In the Cascade mountains we saw tracks of 

 some of these wolves of most portentous size. All the large wolves seen by any of our party 

 were grey, and all the skins which I saw in the possession of Indians or whites were also grey, 

 and it is probable that the white and black varieties are never found in California. On the 

 upper Columbia, in Oregon and Washington Territories, where the wolves are more numerous 

 and the winters are colder, the same variations occur which are common on the upper Missouri. 



CANIS LATRANS, Say. 



Prairie Wolf: Coyote. 



Cams lairans, Baird, Gen. Rep. Mammals, 1857, 113. 



The prairie wolf is exceedingly common in all the open country of California and Oregon. 

 In the wooded districts it is less abundant, but on almost every night of our march we were 

 serenaded by its melancholy, wailing cry. 



The sage plains bordering the Klamath lakes and in the Des Chutes basin, surfaces for the 

 most part destitute of trees and covered with clumps of artemisia, are inhabited by considerable 

 numbers of rabbits and hares, particularly L. artemisice and L. campestris. These animals form 

 some portion of the subsistence of the coyotes, which are there very numerous. While encamped 



