Cu. VÍÍI. SOUTH AMERICA. 101 



TiíE only monuments of antiquity remaining in 

 the neighbourhood of Lima are the g-uacas, or se- 

 pulchres of the íutüans, and some walls, which were 

 built on both sides of the roads, and are frequently 

 seen all over this country. But three leagues north- 

 cast of the city, in a valley called guachi pa, are still 

 standing the walls of a large town. Through igno- 

 rance I did not visit them whilst I was at Lima : 

 the account of them, however, which the ingenious 

 marquis de Valde Lyrios was pleased to give me, 

 may be equally relied on, as if related from my own 

 knowledge; especially as he took a very accurate 

 survey of the whole. He observed, that the streets 

 were very narrow ; that the wails of iite houses, 

 which in common with all the building's of that 

 time were without roofs, were only of mud^ and that 

 each house consisted of three small square apart- 

 ments. The doors towards the street^ were not sq 

 high as tile general stature of a man, but the w alls 

 wanted tittle of three yards. Amoni» all the houses 

 which composed tiiis large town^ situated at the foot 

 of a mountain, is one, whose wails overlook all the 

 others, and thence it is concluded to have belonged 

 to the casi que or prince ; though its ruioous eoadi- 

 iion renderáit impossible to determine absolutely. Tlie 

 inhabitants of this valley^ where the fruitful fields 

 are watered ñom the river Rimac, at no great dis^ 

 tance from these ruins, call them Old Caxamarca, 

 tiiough it cannot now be discovered whether that 

 was the real name of the town in the times of pag-an- 

 ism. For there neither remains any memorial of 

 such tradition, nor any mention of \i in the histories 

 of that kingdom, written by Garciiazo^ and Hemera; 

 so that all we know is, that the epithet old is now 

 applied to it by way of distinction fioni tlie present 

 town of Caxamarca. 



One. astonishing particular in the vrA\& of this 

 town, and iu all others in the lieighbouring valleys. 



