116 A VOYAGE TO Book VII. 



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iibove thirty leagues, and the greater part of them 

 taken up by the tirst branch of the Cordillera of the 

 9 Andes ; so that the temperature of the air is differ- 

 ent in different parts of the country; that part 

 which lies low, or among the valleys • being hot,, 

 those on the skirts of the mountains, which are also 

 intermixed with some plains, temperate; and those 

 in the upper parts of the mountains cold. This dif- 

 ference of air is of great advantage both to the 

 fruits of the earth and pastures ; for^by appropriat- 

 ing every species to its proper degree of heat, the 

 produce is large, and exceedingly good. Among all 

 the fruits the papa is particularly distinguished, and 

 the roots carried to Lima, where they meet with a 

 good market. The vast fields of bombón, part of 

 which belongs to this jurisdiction, are by their high 

 situation, always cold ; yet they afford pasture for in- 

 nunierable , flocks of sheep. These extensive tracts 

 of land are divided into haciendas, or estates belong- 

 ing to noble families of Lima. At Guamantanga, 

 one of the towns in this jurisdiction is a miraculous 

 crucifix, devoutly worshipped; the inhabitants of 

 Lima, and the neighbouring country, go thither in 

 pilgrimage at Whitsui-^ide to assist at a festival, in- 

 stituted particularly \\\ honour of it. 



V. The town of Cañete is the capital of the ju- 

 risdiction of its name. Its jurisdiction begins at the 

 distance of six leagues south from Lima, and ex- 

 tends aloPig the coast in the same rhumb above 

 thirty leagues. The temperature of the air in this 

 jurisdiction is the same with that in the valleys of 

 Lima; and the country being watered by a large 

 river, and other lesser streams, produced vast quaii- 

 tities of wheat and maize. Great part of the lands 

 are planted with canes, from whence they extract 

 an exceliciit sugar. These profitable tracts of land 

 belong also to noble families. In the neighbourhood 

 of Chilcaj situated about ieu leagues from Lima, i.'-- 



