Ch. XTI. south AMERICA. 1^3 



VI. South of Chachapayas, and also on the east side 

 of the Coidillera of the Andes, lies the jurisdict-on of 

 Llulla and Chilloas, which is low, warm and moist, 

 and covered witli woods, so ihat i^reat parts of it are 

 uninhabited. It borders on the river of Moyabamba, 

 which beginning its course from these southern pro- 

 vinces of Peru, forms the river of the Amazons, as 

 we have already observed.* The principal commo- 

 dity of this country is tobacco, which, with a parti- 

 cular kind of almonds called andes, and a few other 

 fruits natural to its climate, form the commerce car- 

 ried on by this province with the others. 



VII. The last jurisdiction of this diocess is that of 

 Pataz, or Caxamarquilia. From its dificrent situations 

 it has a variety of products : but is particularly re- 

 markable for goldmines; its chief commerce consist- 

 ing' in exchanging that metal for current money, es- 

 pecially silver coiU;, which is the more esteemed here 

 for its scarcity. 



GuAMANGA the second diocess. 



The city of Guamanga, the capital of this diocess, 

 was founded in the year 1539, by Don Francisco 

 Pizarro, on the site of an Indian village of the same 

 nanic. The Spaniards added the name of San Juan 

 del la Victoria, in memory of the precipitate retreat 

 of JManco the Ynca, from Pizarro, who offered him 

 battle. This city was founded for the conveniency of 

 the trade carried on between Lima and Cusco ; for 

 during this long distance^, there was at that time no 

 town, whence the travellers frequently suffered by the 

 incursions of Manco 's army. This gave occasion to 

 building the city on the spot where the Indian village 

 stood, though extremely inconvenient with regard to 

 provisions, as lying contiguous to the great chain of 

 the Andes ; but the war being happily terminated bj 

 the entire defeat of Manco's party, the city was re- 

 ?lio^ ed to its present situation. Its jurisdiction, regu 



lated 



* Vol. r. 



