Ch.VIII, south AMERICA. 391 



moil northward, which lies in 45 deg. by the names of 

 New-England, New-York, Pennfylvania, Maryland, 

 and the moil foiithern retained its original name of 

 Virginia. This laft was the chief obje¿l of the atten- 

 tion of Raleigh, and afterwards of England : no mea- 

 fiires were negleded for the peopling and profperity of 

 it. Hither particularly fled the unfortunate friends oí 

 Charles I. as an afylum from the cruekies of Crom- 

 well and his parliament, who, not fatlsfied with having 

 cmbrucd their hands in the blood of that monarch, by 

 caufing his head to be ftruck off on a public fcafFold, 

 and by this action cafting a ihadc over the honour of 

 the nation ; now endeavoured to wafii off that horrid 

 ftain by the blood of others : and to palliate their ty- 

 ranny, and give a colour of juftice to their refolutions, 

 they pretended that all who did not conform to their 

 pleaiurc, were the king's adherents and malignants. Tn 

 this dangerous fituation, great numbers of honourable 

 families were obliged to feck in other climates that fe- 

 curity, which they could no longer enjoy in their native 

 country. 



These numerous emigrations not only enlarged the 

 firft towns in Virginia, but alfo occafioned the building 

 of many others. The royalills had made choice of 

 Virginia preferably to any other part, as being fure of 

 the protection and countenance of Sir William Berk- 

 ley, governor of that province, who abhorring the pro- 

 cedure againft his fovereign, maintained his loyalty 

 unfhaken j refufing obedience to Cromwell, and im- 

 mediately declaring for the fon of the late unfortunate 

 monarch, as his rightful fovereign : but though Vir- 

 ginia had received fuch large additions by feveral vaft 

 emigrations of people, and though companies were 

 created in England for the fupport of it, yet not re- 

 ceiving the neceíTaries wanted both for cultivation and 

 defence, they had the mortitication of feeing the pro- 

 vince of New-York taken from them by the Dutch; 

 who, defirous of a fetdement on this coaft, twice dif- 

 C c 4 lodged 



