BRANCHES OF GANGLION CERVICALE SUPERIUS 371 
BRANCHES TO THE CERVICAL NERVES 
In accordance with the observations of Langley (93), the 
superior cervical ganglion was found to send branches to the 
first three cervical nerves only. There was no constant arrange- 
ment in the manner of their distribution. A maximum number 
of branches is three. They are seen to arise from the lower 
pole of the ganglion at the lateral side, and are indicated in 
figure 1 by numerals 4, 5, and 6. Their distribution is effected 
in several ways, directly with the main trunk of the cervical nerve; 
to the communicating loops between the latter, or, especially 
when there are less than three branches, they may divide, and 
connect with several main trunks, with both communicating 
loops, or with a main trunk and a loop. They are directed 
ventrally across the nodose ganglion of the vagus to their 
terminations. 
A fairly constant branch (8) comes from the medial side of the 
lower pole, or from the branch to the superior thyroid artery, 
or from the main sympathetic trunk just below the ganglion. 
It is continued downward a short distance along the common 
carotid artery to the level of the origin of the superior thyroid 
artery (which arises from the common carotid in the cat) and a 
small unnamed artery which turns laterally to the muscles on the 
side of the neck. It runs along this latter artery and communi- 
cates with either or both of the second and third cervical nerves. 
Fig. 1 A diagram of the cervical portion of the sympathetic trunk and of the 
branches of the superior cervical ganglion of the cat. The middle cervical gan- 
glion (23) has been called the inferior by physiologists; but since it is located at 
the upper end of the subclavian ansa, it is more like the middle ganglion in man. 
The inferior cervical ganglion is fused with the stellate. 1, branch to the hypo- 
glossal nerve. 2, 3, branches to the vagus nerve. 4, 5, 6,8, grayrami. 9, small 
branch of the common carotid artery. 10, 22, branches to the superior thyroid 
artery. 11, 12, anastamosis with a branch of the hypoglossal nerve. 18, 14, 
branches to the external carotid artery. 15, 16, 20, branches to the pharynx. 
17, branch to the glossopharyngeal nerve. 18, branch from the glossopharyngeal 
nerve to the carotid glomus. 19, carotid glomus. 20, branch from carotid glomus 
to the pharynx. 21, perithyroid ansa. 22, branch to the superior thyroid artery. 
23, middle cervical ganglion and branch to the recurrent nerve. 24, branch from 
the middle cervical ganglion to the vagus nerve. 
