386 SYDNEY E. JOHNSON 
Michailow has described no fewer than nine varieties of auto- 
nomic cells, although he does not specifically state that any one 
variety is sensory in character. 
The morphological evidence in support of the commi ssural 
neurone hypothyses appears, however, to be gradually breaking 
down. Autonomic cells of all intermediate stages between the 
supposedly sensory and motor types of Dogiel have been reported 
by Carpenter and Conel (’14), and these authors have also failed 
to differentiate two types of autonomic cells by the Nissl method. 
For discussion of Langley’s nicotine and degeneration experi- 
ments the reader is referred to Huber (’99, ’13) and Ranson (718), 
as well as to Langley’s original papers. 
The observations referred to have been made largely on mam- 
mals whose sympathetic ganglia are complicated in structure by 
the presence of an intercellular plexus of nerve fibers and by the 
dendrites of the multipolar autonomic cells. In the frog the 
sympathetic ganglia are relatively simple in structure and if, as 
Huber and Langley have stated, the structural relations are 
fundamentally the same in the autonomic ganglia of all the verte- 
brates, this form would appear to be particularly suitable for 
disclosing these relations. 
The autonomic ganglia of amphibia have been the subject of 
many contributions. Ehrlich (86) and Retzius (’89) were 
among the first to demonstrate clearly the relations of the spiral 
fibers to the neuraxes (straight processes) and to the pericellular 
baskets. They believed that the spiral fibers were of cerebro- 
spinal origin. Smirnow, Feist, Arnstein, and others held different 
views as to the origin and termination of these fibers. (Fora 
review of the literature from 1863 to 1896 see Huber, Jour. 
Morph., vol. 16.) 
Although the belief is now’ generally held that the spiral fibers 
and pericellular baskets are of cerebrospinal origin, this has not 
been definitely proved on a morphological basis, and it also 
remains an open question whether or not nerve endings of any 
other type occur in the sympathetic ganglia of amphibia. The 
purpose of the experiments reported below was to determine 
whether or not all of the spiral fibers and pericellular baskets are 
