30 H. BERKELBACH VAN DER SPRENKEL 
by Franz, but on its connections with the lateralis nerve by means 
of the torus semicircularis and the lateral longitudinal fascicle, 
as I will describe below. , 
The motor fibers of the VII nerve (fig. 16, VII m.) have a 
very peculiar course for teleosts, since they do not ascend to the 
floor of the fourth ventricle in a dorso-caudal direction, but in 
a dorso-frontal direction (fig. 15, m.VII), so that the frontal 
knee-bend of the VII does not lie behind the level of entrance 
of its root, as it does in all teleosts as yet examined, but in front 
of it. 
A similar condition has been described by Kappers in reptiles. 
In both cases the frontal position of the knee-bend is caused by 
the fibrae arcuatae internae of the lateral lemniscus. That the 
lateral lemniscus and the fibrae arcuatae internae by which it is 
formed are very large in Mormyrus and extend far frontally is 
due to the enormous development of the lobi lineae lateralis, of 
which it is the chief secondary tract. 
The motor root of the VII passes beneath the spinal V tract 
(fig. 16) and runs to the ventricle over the fasciculus longitudi- 
nalis lateralis (fig. 15) in a dorso-frontal direction. The frontal 
knee appears 12 sections in front of the root entrance. Turning 
backward it first runs dorso-laterally, then laterally of the fas- 
ciculus longitudinalis posterior, separated from this tract by a 
typical blood vessel (fig. 16). 
The horizontal part of the root can be traced to a point some 
sections in front of the caudal level of the motor VII nucleus. 
Some sections in front of this level its fibers begin to turn in a 
ventral direction (fig. 17), but they are lost between the masses 
of the dorsal arcuate fibers lying here, so that here as in Silurus 
the motor root fibers of the Vil are interrupted by the dorsal 
commissure. Probably not all the fibers of the root end at this 
level; a part of them seem to run farther backward, joining the 
posterior visceral motor column, which consequently in its fron- 
tal end contains both IX and VII cells, as is also described for 
84 Kappers, The migrations of the bulbar V, VI and VII nucleus and the con- | 
comitating changes in the course of their root fibers. Verhand. kon. Akad. van 
Wetensch. Amsterdam, Deel 16, Sectie 2, p. 63 and map on p. 58. 
