A NEW FISH BRAIN FROM THE COAL MEASURES OF 
KANSAS, WITH A REVIEW OF OTHER FOSSIL 
BRAINS 
_ ROY L. MOODIE 
From the Department of Anatomy, University of Illinois, Chicago 
NINETEEN FIGURES 
CONTENTS 
eeelniirocductiontasess. 12 se. nee Bind Sy NACI A ea eR On 135 
Die, POsSsULiZailOn: OL sit DRAMS. 2: Jee eres ee Merde. TON 137 
tiie ieview or tossil sensory structuress.ue cs ees eee meee 138 
INS Sensory structures ofthe Ostracodermsusae eee ee.. eee 140 
V. The brain and ear of Rhadinichthys, a Mississippian ganoid........ 142 
W.. “Che: brain trom the Coal Measurest....0) 7; bie bo elles ee 146 
VII: The anatomy of the ear of the Coal Measures fish.................. 15+ 
VIII. The dural casts of the brain and sacral intumesence of the Dinosaurs. . 155 
PX, The, brammandesrrof a:-Pterodactyl. 1290.5. 452 Vee oe. Seek 157 
ee, |) The bram caste an Lertiary mammalss> 2o 9 eer 159 
ae SUNT yes Newent se 8) IE Re ys es ep ee RTS Pek gy 159 
XII. An annotated bibliography of papeys on fossil brains and other sensory 
SHUM CHUTES ese lene es fio kWh A Ee a a hs ) cb 160 
I. INTRODUCTION 
The preservation of the soft parts of extinct animals has 
always been a matter of great interest to students of paleontology 
and there have appeared on this subject a number of papers 
which have been reviewed and listed by the writer (’11) in a 
previous contribution on the soft anatomy of fossil vertebrates. 
The exact manner in which the softer structures are preserved 
varies in different cases. They may be carbonized,! mummified,” 
1 Reiss, Otto. 1895. Archiv f. mikros.,Anat., Bd. 41, p. 492; Bd. 44, p. 89. 
Discusses theories of fossilization. Dean, Bashford. 1904. Amer. Geol., 
vol. 30, pp. 273-278. Critical discussion of Reiss’ views concerning the conditions 
of fossilization. Dean, Basford. 1909. Mem. Amer. Mus., Natl. Hist., vol. 9, 
pt. v, p. 234. Figures and discusses the histological structure of the muscle and 
kidney of a Devonian shark. 
2 Osborn, H. F. 1912. Mem. Amer. Mus. Nat’l. Hist., N. S., vol. 1, pt.-II, 
p. 33, with plates. A mummified dinosaur is described from the Cretaceous 
in which the skin, the epidermal pattern and muscle are preserved. 
135 
