344 DAVIDSON BLACK 
In Hyrax these three foramina are normally present. In 
Artiodactyla, so far as I am aware, the foramen rotundum is 
not present as a separate opening, while a distinct foramen ovale 
in these forms is characteristic. Among the modern Perisso- 
dactyla, a foramen rotundum occurs not infrequently in the 
Equidae, separated by a thin plate of bone from the foramen 
lacerum orbitale. In these forms, however, the foramen ovale 
is confluent with the foramen lacerum basis cranii (13), though 
the primitive stem perissodactyls were characterized by the pres- 
ence of all three foramina (19, p. 390). The condition in the 
Indian elephant is similar to that in Artiodactyla in so far as the 
foramen ovale is discrete while the foramen rotundum and lacerum 
orbitale are confluent. 
The remaining structures in this region correspond in general 
to the plan already described in the giraffe. 
Cerebral hemispheres. A most interesting variation in the 
arrangement of the sulci in the dorsal view is seen in this case 
(figs. 8 and 24). While the entolateral sulcus occupies its usual 
position, the lateral sulcus becomes joined to the coronal as well 
as to the suprasylvian by the intermediation of the ansate sulcus. 
The continuity of the suprasylvian and coronal sulci by way 
of the ansate is a common ungulate condition, while in Carniy- 
ora the lateral and coronal sulci are similarly associated. In the 
latter group of animals the junction of the coronal to the supra- 
sylvian by the ansate is practically never present (21, footnote, 
p. 299). 
The direct continuity of the lateral and coronal sulci is a very 
primitive feature in ungulates, which is recorded only in the 
hippopotamus (9, p. 321). 
The condition obtaining in the present instance, however, 
in which these sulci are united by the ansate is not so rare an 
occurrence, though, it represents a primitive arrangement in so 
far as it combines features common to both ungulates and 
carnivors. 
The coronal sulcus, which is placed far forward, is compara- 
tively small as in Hyrax. The diagonal sulcus is not continuous 
