ENDOCRANIAL CASTS OF THE GIRAFFIDAE B55) 
So far as the brain is concerned, the foregoing characters, 
when present in combination with one another, appear to be 
distinctive of the Giraffidae among the various groups compris- 
ing the modern Ungulata vera, as may be seen from the 
accompanying brief comparative summary (vide table 1). 
CONCLUSION 
From a comparison of the endocranial casts of the Giraffidae 
considered in this paper it becomes evident that among these 
the cast of Samotherium shows undoubtedly the most primitive 
arrangement of sulci, presenting as it does certain features com- 
mon both to the Carnivora and to the Ungulata. In other 
respects however, this brain shows evidence of considerable 
specialization. Thus it will be noted that this early form is 
already possessed of certain brain characters which still serve 
to distinguish the Giraffidae among modern ungulates. 
This early specialization of the convolutional pattern in the 
Giraffidae presents a marked contrast to the condition obtain- 
ing in the Camelidae of the same epoch (upper Miocene) as 
evidenced by the endocranial cast of the American form Pro- 
camelus occidentalis. The latter cast shows but little if any 
indication of a distinctive cameloid arrangement of sulci (vide 
[ene ila) 
In both Ocapia and Samotherium the brain presents certain 
generalized characters in the arrangement of the cortical pattern 
which are common and peculiar to the Ungulata, such for 
example as the relations of the corono-ansate-suprasylvian 
complex. In this category also I am inclined to consider the 
suleus described in Ocapia and Samotherium as the ramus 
descendens suprasylvii, in so far as it may represent in these 
forms three sulci which are no longer continuous in the giraffe 
(viz., the caudal part of the ramus eectosylvii posterior, the 
ramus descendens suprasylvii and the suleus obliquus). 
In the giraffe there appear certain specialized characters which 
serve to distinguish this form from both Ocapia and Samothe- 
rium; such for example as the complete separation of the corono- 
