iv CONTENTS. 



Appendix A. — Table of Temperatures observed between Bahia and the Cape of Good 

 Hope Page 172 



Appendix B. — Table of Serial Soundings down to 200 fathoms, taken between Bahia 

 and the Cape of Good Hope 173 



Appendix C. — Specific-gravity Observations taken between Bahia and the Cape of 

 Good Hope during the Months of September and October, 1873 174 



CHAPTER IV. 



THE VOYAGE HOME. 



The Strait of Magellan. — Dredging in Shallow Water. — The Falkland Islands. — Their 

 Physical Features. — The Town of Stanley. — The Products and Commerce of the 

 Falklands. — The Balsam-bog. — The Tussock-grass. — A Peculiar Mode of Repro- 

 duction among the Echinoderms. — " Stone Rivers." — The Temperature Section 

 between the Falklands and the Mouth of the River Plate. — Montevideo. — Merid- 

 ional Section along the Central Ridge of the Atlantic. — Ascension. — An Island 

 under Naval Discipline. — Voyage to Porto Praya and Porto Grande. — Soundings 

 in the Eastern Trough of the Atlantic. — Vigo Bay. — Arrival at Spithead ... 176 



Appendix A. — Table of Temperatures between the Falkland Islands and Tristan 

 d'Acunha 234 



Appendix B. — Table of Temperatures between Tristan d'Acunha and the A9ores 23(5 



Appendix C. — Table of Serial Temperature Soundings down to 200 fathoms taken 

 in the South and North Atlantic in the Year 1876 238 



Appendix D. — Specific-gravity Observations taken on the homeward voyage between 

 the Falkland Islands and Portsmouth 239 



Appendix E. — Stations in the Atlantic where Observations were taken in 1876 . 243 



CHAPTER V. 



GENERAL CONCLUSIONS. 



Contour of the Bed of the Atlantic. — The Atlantic Ocean divided by a Series of 

 Ridges into Three Basins. — Nature of the Bottom. — Pelagic Foraminifera. — Vol- 

 canic Debris. — Products of the Decomposition of Pumice. — Distribution of Ocean 

 Temperature. — Laws regulating the Movements of the Upper Layers of the At- 

 lantic. — Corrections of Six's Thermometers. — Laws regulating the Movement of 

 Water in the Depths of the Atlantic. — Doctrine of " Continuous Barriers." — Dis- 

 tribution and Nature of the Deep-sea Fauna. — LTniversal Distribution of Living 

 Beings. — Causes modifying and restricting the Distribution of the Higher Forms. 

 — Relations of the Modern to the Ancient Faunae. — The Density of Sea-water. — 

 The Amount and Distribution of Carbonic Acid. — Of Oxygen 246 



Appendix A. — The General Result of the Chemical and Microscopical Examination 

 of a Series of Twenty Samples of the Bottom from the Observing Stations on 

 the Section between Teneriffe and Sombrero 315 



Appendix B. — Table showing the Amount of Carbonic Acid contained in Sea-water 

 at Various Stations in the Atlantic 327 



.\ppENDix C. — Table showing the Relative Frequency of the Occurrence of the Prin- 

 cipal Groups of Marine Animals at Fifty -two Stations at which Dredging oi' 

 Trawling was carried to Depths greater than 2000 Fathoms 328 



