CHAP. I.] THE EQUIPMENT OF THE SHIP. 97 
deep-sea fauna, of this zone by taking a line of soundings and dredgings 
in its northern half (say between Japan and Vancouver) and in its east- 
ern half (say between Vancouver and Valparaiso). If practicable, it 
would further be very desirable to explore the littoral fauna of Waihou, 
Easter Island, or Sala y Gomez, with the view of comparing it critically 
with that of the west coast of South America. 
If H.M.S. Challenger passes through Torres Straits, it will be very de- 
sirable to examine the littoral fauna of the Papuan shore of the straits, 
in order to compare it with that of the Australian shore. The late Pro- 
fessor Jukes, in his ‘ Voyage of the Fly” many years ago, directed at- 
tention to this point and to its theoretical bearings. 
The Hydrographic examination of ‘“ Wallace’s line” in the Malay 
Archipelago, and of the littoral faunas on the opposite sides of that 
line, is of great importance, considering the significance of that line as 
a boundary between two distributional provinces. And additional in- 
terest has been given to the exploration of this region by Captain Chim- 
mo’s recently obtained sounding of 2800 fathoms in the Celebes Sea, 
the mud brought up being almost devoid of calcareous organisms, but 
containing abundant spiculee of Sponges and Fadiolaria. 
The light from any self-luminous objects met with should be exam- 
ined with a prism as to its composition. The colors of animals capt- 
ured should also be examined with a prism, or by aid of the micro- 
scopic spectroscope. 
V. ConcLupING OBSERVATIONS. 
ttention should be paid to the geology of districts which have not 
hitherto been examined, and collections of minerals, rocks, and fossils 
should be made. Detailed suggestions as to the duties of the geologist 
accompanying the expedition are unnecessary; but it seems desirable 
that, at all shores visited, evidence of recent elevation or subsidence of 
land should be sought for, and the exact nature of these evidences care- 
fully recorded. 
Every opportunity should be taken of obtaining photographs of na- 
tive races to one scale; and of making such observations as are practi- 
cable with regard to their physical characteristics, language, habits, im- 
plements, and antiquities. It would be advisable that specimens of hair 
of unmixed races should in all cases be obtained. 
Each station should have a special number associated with it in the 
regular journal of the day’s proceedings, and that number should be 
