PROTECTIVE EESEMBLANCES IN LEPIDOPTEEA 27 



other caterpillars there are five pairs. These claspers 

 are placed at the hind end of the body, which is 

 long, thin, and cylindrical, and stands out like a 

 side twig at an acute angle with the stem to which 

 the claspers are tightly fixed. The body also often 

 possesses little humps which resemble buds or irregu- 

 larities of the bark. The caterpillar sits motionless 



Fig. 1.— The larva of Swallow-tail Moth Fig. 2.— Twig of currant ; the general 

 (Ourapterijx samhucaiia) ; last stage ; appearance much like that of fig. 1. 



natural size. 



for hours together, and the only alteration of the 

 attitude is brought about by feeding, which generally 

 takes place in the evening or at night. The general 

 appearance of one of these larvae and its resemblance 

 to a twig is shown in figs. 1 and 2, for which I am 

 indebted to the kindness of Mr. Alfred Sich. 



The strain on the body during these long periods 



