PREFACE XI 



Short papers or notes (exclusive of those which 

 are mere abstracts of the above) : — 



' Proceedings Entomological Society,' London, 1887, pp. 1-li 



„ 1887, „ Ixi-lxii 



1888, p. V 

 „ „ pp. viii-x. 



,, „ „ xxvii-xxviii 



,, 1889 „ xxxvii-xl 

 1888, vol. xxii., ' On Mimicry.' 



Journal of the Victoria Institute 



It is my pleasant duty to thank many friends for 

 their kind assistance. I owe to Professor Meldola 

 more than I can possibly express : his writings first 

 induced me to enter ui)on this line of investigation, 

 and I have had the benefit of his great experience 

 and wise advice during the whole of the time that I 

 have been at work. Nearly every subject touched 

 upon in this volume has been discussed with him. 



Professor Westwood has always been most kind 

 in helping me with the literature of the subject, with 

 which he has so intimate an acquaintance, and in 

 giving me the free use of the Hope collection at 

 Oxford. Professor E. Ray Lankester has read the 

 proof-sheets dealing with the classifications of the 

 uses of colour, and has offered valuable suggestions. 

 Several beautiful examples were suggested to me by 

 Professor C. Stewart. Dr. Giinther, Mr. " Poland 

 Trimen, Mr. Oldfield Thomas, Mr. R. Bowdler Sharpe, 

 Mr. F. E. Beddard, Mr. W. W. Fowler, and Mr. A. 

 H. Cocks have been very kind in answering questions 

 upon their special subjects. Sir John Gonroy has 



