PREFACE ix 



I have to thank the Councils of various scientific 

 societies for the courteous permission to copy figures 

 from their respective publications. The figures in 

 the coloured plate are copied from the plates accom- 

 panying Mr. Roland Trimen's paper in the * Trans- 

 actions of the Linnean Society,' vol. xxvi. pp. 

 497-522. Figures 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22 are copied 

 from the plate accompanying Mr. R. Bowdler Sharpe's 

 paper in the ' Proceedings of the Zoological Society,' 

 1873, pp. 414 et seqq. Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 

 14, 58, 60, 61, 62 are copied from the plates and 

 woodcuts accompanying my papers in the ' Transac- 

 tions of the Entomological Society,' 1884, 1885, 1887, 

 and 1888. Figures 25, 26, and 27 are copied from 

 the plate accompanying Mrs. Barber's paper in the 

 * Transactions of the Entomological Society,' 1874, 

 pp. 519 et seqq. Figures 29 and 30 are copied from 

 the plate and woodcuts accompanying my paper in 

 the * Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society,' 

 vol. 178 (1887), B, pp. 311-441. Figures 15, 16, 53, 

 54, 63, 64, 65, 66 are copied from the woodcuts and 

 plates accompanying G. W. and E. G. Peckham's 

 paper in the ' Occasional Papers of the Natural 

 History Society of Wisconsin,' vol. i. (1889), Milwaukee. 

 Figures 55 and 56 are copied from the plates accom- 

 panying Professor Weismann's ' Studies in the Theory 

 of Descent,' translated by Professor Meldola. Figure 

 10 is copied from one of the plates accompanying Dr. 

 Wilhelm Miiller's * Siidamerikanische Nymphaliden- 



