348 



THE COLOURS OF ANIMALS 



experiments on colours of cocoon 

 of, 146, 156 ; of larva of, 151, 

 152, 156 



Bryophila, 58 



Bulf-tip Moth, 57; Warning Co- 

 lours of larva of, 169, 170 ; com- 

 pared with defence of imago of, 

 176 



Bug, Mimicry of, 251 



Bulbul, unwilling to touch a 

 Danais, 230 



Burnet Moths, "Warning Colours 

 of, 175 ; similarity of Warning 

 Colours of, 196 



Butterflies, wings of, easily seized 

 by an enemy, 205-209 ; which 

 afford models for Mimicry, 225- 

 230 ; battles between males un- 

 important, 310 ; stages of court- 

 ship of, 333 



— and Moths, Protective Resem- 

 blance of, 52-58 ; Mimicry in, 

 232-244 



riABERA EXANTHEMA- 



^ RIA, as a probable model for 

 Mimicry, 244 



— pusaria, as a probable model for 

 Mimicry, 244 



Caddice-worms, cases of, 77 ; as the 

 food of trout, 88 



Ccsrostris niitralis, Protective Re- 

 semblance of, 59 



Callionymus lyra, distinguished 

 from weever, 166 note 



Canis lagopus, winter change of 

 colour of, 101, 103, 104 



Carabus aurcniitens, cause of golden 

 appearance, 9 



Carnivora, Aggressive Resemblance 

 in, 72 



Caterpillars, Variable Protective Re- 

 semblance in, 146-153 ; Warning 

 Colours of, 166-171 ; unpleasant 

 qualities possessed by, 171-174 ; 

 especial necessity for Warning 

 Colours in, 175, 176 ; relished by 



lizards, 183 ; marked by parasites 

 in laying their eggs, 213-215 ; 

 mimicking snakes, 257-264 

 Catocala, a use of hind wings of, 

 206 ; larvaB of, 35 



— electa, experiments on colours 

 of larvae of, 150 7tote 



— elocata, experiments on colours 

 of larvae of, 150 note, 151 



— sponsa, experiments on colours 

 of larvas of, 150 note 



Cave-dwelling animals, disappear- 

 ance of colour of, 14, 90, 91 



Cavolina Farrani, defensive dorsal 

 papillae of, 200 



Ceratias, luminous lure of, 73, 74 



Cerura, cocoon of, 76 



— bifida, 315 



— furcula, 315 



— vinula, caterpillar of, attacked 

 by Panisciis, 214, 215 ; conceal- 

 ment of larva of, 269, 270; 

 terrifying attitude of larva of, 

 271, 273; pink whips of larva of, 

 272,273 ; effect upon enemies of, 

 273, 274 ; formic acid ejected by 

 larva of, 274, 275 ; larva of, the 

 prey of ichneumons, 275-278, 

 282, 283 



CTicerocampa elpenor. Mimicry of 

 larva of, 258-261, 264, 269 



— porcellus, Mimicry of larva of, 

 259, 269 



Chaffinch, nest of, 77 ; frightened 



by Chcerocampa, 260 

 Chamaeleon, power of changing 



colour, 84 ; loss of power before 



death, 88, 89 ; explanation of 



blackness when blind, 89, 90 ; 



sting of bee remembered by, 199 

 Charcsas graminis, ' assembling ' of 



males of, 292, 304 

 Chimney-sweeper Moth, 18 

 Chinese Character Moth, Protective 



Resemblance of, 67 ; of cocoon of, 



76 

 Chlorophyll, 15, 16 ; as the colouring 



matter of certain larvae, 80 



