CHAP. IV. ] ZOOLOGICAL REGIONS. 59 
one, should very nearly represent the distribution of the other. 
Mr. Sclater’s regions are as follows :— 
1. The Palearctic Region ; including Europe, Temperate Asia, 
and N. Africa to the Atlas mountains. 
2. The Ethiopian Region ; Africa south of the Atlas, Mada- 
gascar, and the Mascarene Islands, with Southern Arabia. 
3. The Indian Region; including India south of the Hima- 
layas, to South China, and to Borneo and Java. 
4, The Australian Region ; including Celebes and Lombock, 
eastward to Australia and the Pacific Islands. 
5. The Nearctic Region; including Greenland, and N. 
America, to Northern Mexico. 
6. The Neotropical Region; including South America, the 
Antilles, and Southern Mexico. 
This division of the earth received great support from Dr. 
Giinther, who, in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society for 
1858, showed that the geographical distribution of Reptiles 
agreed with it very closely, the principal difference being that 
the reptiles of Japan have a more Indian character than the 
birds, this being especially the case with the snakes. In the 
volume for 1868 of the same work, Professor Huxley discusses 
at considerable length the primary and secondary zoological 
divisions of the earth. He gives reasons for thinking that the 
most radical primary division, both as regards birds and mam- 
mals, is into a Northern and Southern hemisphere (Arctogza 
and Notogsea), the former, however, embracing all Africa, while 
the latter includes only Australasia and the Neotropical or 
Austro-Columbian region. Mr. Sclater had grouped his regions 
primarily into Paleogea and Neogea, the Old and New 
Worlds of geographers; a division which strikingly accords 
with the distribution of the passerine birds, but not so well 
with that of mammalia or reptiles. Professor Huxley points 
out that the Nearctic, Palearctic, Indian, and Ethiopian 
regions of Mr. Sclater have a much greater resemblance to 
each other than any one of them has to Australia or to South 
America ; and he further suggests that New Zealand alone has 
peculiarities which might entitle it to rank as a primary region 
