188 ZOOLOGICAL GEOGRAPHY. [PART III. 
confined to the Palearctic region. In the 4geriide the genus 
Aigeria is mainly Palearctic. The Sphingide havea wider 
general range, and none of the larger genera are peculiar to any 
one region. 
Coleoptera.—The Palearctic region is the richest portion of 
the globe in the great family of Carabidw, or predacious ground- 
beetles, about 50 of the genera being confined to it, while many 
others, including the magnificent genus Carabus, have here their 
highest development. While several of the smaller genera are 
confined to the eastern or western sub-regions, most of the larger 
ones extend over the whole area, and give it an unmistakable 
aspect ; while in passing from east to west or vice-versd, allied 
species and genera replace each other with considerable regu- 
larity, except in the extreme south-east, where, in China and 
Japan, some Oriental forms appear, as do a few Ethiopian types 
in the south-west. 
Cicindelide, or tiger-beetles, are but poorly represented by 
about 70 species of the genus Cicindela, and a single Tetracha 
in South Europe. 
Lucanide, or stag-beetles, are also poor, there being represen- 
tatives of 8 genera. One of these, Msalus (a single species), 
is peculiar to South Europe, and two others, Cladognathus and 
Cyclopthalmus, are only represented in Japan, China, and Thibet. . 
Cetoniide, or rose-chafers, are represented by 13 genera, 
two of which are peculiar to South Europe (Zropinota and 
Heterocnemis), while Stalagmosoma, ranging from Persia to 
Nubia, and the fine Dicranocephalus inhabiting North China, 
Corea, and Nipal, may also be considered to belong to it. The 
genera Trichius, Gnorimus, and Osmoderma are confined to the 
two north temperate regions. 
Buprestide, or metallic beetles, are rather abundant in the 
warmer parts of the region, 27 genera being represented, nine 
of which are peculiar. By far the larger portion of these are 
confined to the Mediterranean sub-region. A considerable 
number also inhabit Japan and China. 
The Longicorns, or long-horned beetles, are represented by 
no less than 196 genera, 51 of which are peculiar. They are 
