CHAP. XII.] THE ORIENTAL REGION. 333 
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and of large and showy Nymphalide, Morphide, and Danaide, 
' which render it, in favoured localities, only second to South 
America for a display of this form of beauty and variety in 
insect life. 
Among the other orders of insects in which the Himalayas 
are remarkably rich, we may mention large and brilliant Ce- 
toniide, chiefly of the genus Rhomborhima ; a magnificent Lamel- 
licorn, Huchirus macleayii, allied to the gigantic long-armed 
beetle (Z. longimanus) of Amboyna; superb moths of the 
families Agaristide and Sesiide; elegant and remarkable Ful- 
gorid, and strange forms of the gigantic Phasmide ; most of 
which appear to be of larger size or of more brilliant colours 
than their Malayan allies. 
Islands of the Indo-Chinese Sub-region—A few important 
islands belong to this sub-region, the Andamans, Formosa, and 
Hainan being the most interesting. 
Andamans—The only mammalia are a few rats and mice, a 
Paradoxurus, and a pig supposed to be a hybrid race,—all of 
which may have been introduced by man’s agency. The 
birds of the Andaman Islands have been largely collected, no 
less than 155 species having been obtained; and of these lye 
(all land-birds) are peculiar. The genera are all found on the 
continent, and are mostly characteristic of the Indo-Chinese 
fauna, to which most of the species belong. Reptiles are also 
tolerably abundant ; about 20 species are known, the majority 
being found also on the continent, while a few are peculiar. 
There are also a few Batrachia, and some fresh-water fishes, closely 
resembling those of Burmah. The absence of such mammalia 
as monkeys and squirrels, which abound on the mainland, and 
which are easily carried over straits or narrow seas by floating 
trees, is sufficient proof that these islands have not recently 
formed part of the continent. The birds are mostly such as 
may have reached the islands while in their present geographical 
position ; and the occurrence of reptiles and fresh-water fishes, 
said to be identical in species with those of Burmah, must be 
due to the facilities, which some of these animals undoubtedly 
