494 
INDEX. 
Ethiopian region, general features of, 251 
zoological characteristics of, 257 
mamuialia of, 253 
great speciality of, 253 
birds of, 253 
reptiles of, 254 
amphibia of, 255 
fresh-water fish of, 255 
suminary of vertebrates of, 255 
insects of, 255 
coleoptera of, 256 
terrestrial mollusea of, 257 
sub-regions of, 258 
Atlantic islands of, 269 
the probable past history of, 285 
tables of distribution of animals of, 293 
Eumys, N. American Tertiary, 140 
Euphractus, 8S. American Pliocene, 147 
Europe, recent changes in physical geography 
of, 39 
Miocene fauna of Central, 117 
Miocene fauna of, allied to existing fauna 
of tropical Asia and Africa, 124 
European sub-region, description of, 191 
forests of, 192 . 
mammalia of, 192 
birds of, 193 
reptiles and amphibia of, 195 
fresh-water fish of, 196 
insects of, 196 
islands of, 197 
Euryceros of Madagascar, figure of, 278 
Eurydon, in Brazilian caves, 145 
Eurytheriwm, European Eocene, 126 
Eutatus, 8. American Pliocene, 147 
Eutelodon, European Kocene, 126 
Eutemnodus, 8. American Eocene, 148 
Extinct mammalian fauna of Europe, general 
considerations on, 126 
mammalia of N. America and Europe, 
comparison of, 140 
mammalia of the Antilles, 148 
mammalia of Old and New -Worlds, 
general remarks on, 148 
fauna of New Zealand, 459 
Extinction of large animals, causes of, 158 
F. 
Fauna of Japan, general character and affini- 
ties of, 230 
of Palearctic region, general conclusions 
as to, 231 
extinct, of Madagascar and Mascarene 
Islands, 282 
Malayan, probable origin of, 359 
Moluccan, peculiarities of, 419 
Timorese, origin of, 422 
of Celebes, origin of, 436 
of New Zealand, origin of, 460 
Felis spelceea, 110 
Felis, Miocene of Greece, 115 
European Miocene, 118 
Indian Miocene, 121 
N. American Post-Pliocene, 129 
in Brazilian caves, 144 
Fernando Po, zoological features of, 265 
Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa Islands, birds of, 443 
Fishes, means of dispersal of, 29 
classification of, 101 
cosmopolitan groups of, 176 
of the Palearctic region, 186 
of the European sub-region, 196 
of the Mediterranean sub-region, 205 
of the Manchurian sub-region. 227 
Ene) -water,table of Palearctic families 
of, 227 
of the Ethiopian region, 255 * 
of South Africa, 268 
fresh-water, table of Ethiopian families of, 
298 
fresh-water, of the Oriental region, 318 
of the Indo-Malay sub-region, 341 
fresh-water, table of Oriental families of, 
369 
fresh-water, of the Australian region, 397 
fresh-water,resemblance of Australian and 
S. American, 400 t 
how the transmission may have taken 
place, 401 
fresh-water, of New Zealand, 457 
Flamingoes, European Miocene, 162 
Flora, of New Zealand, as influenced by scar- 
city of insects, 462 
fossil of Australia, 467 
Flower, Professor, on classification of main- 
y Malia, 85 
classification of carnivora, 87 
Flying Lemur, Malayan, figure of, 337 
Flying Opossum, figure of, 442 
Formosa, zoology of, 332 
Forests, essential to existence of many Euro- 
pean animals, 192 
Siberian, greatest extent of, 216 
G. 
Galapagos, scarcity of insects in, 463 
Galecynus, in European Pliocene, 112 
Galera, N. American Post-Pliocene, 13 
Galeospalax, European Miocene, 118 
Galeotherium, Post-Pliocene, 111 
Galethylax, European Eocene, 125 
Galictis, in Brazilian caves, 144 
Galline, classification of, 96 
range of Palearctic genera of, 248 
range of Ethiopian genera of, 311 
range of Oriental genera of, 384 
range of Australian genera of, 485 
Gallus, Miocene of Greece, 116 
Gallus bravardi, European Pliocene, 161 
Gastornis, European Eocene, 163 
Genera common to Post-Pliocene and Pliocene 
faunas of N. America, 132 
Geological history of Oriental region, 362 
Gibraltar, cave fauna of, 114 
Glacial epoch, as affecting the distribution of 
animals, 40 
as a cause of the great change in the 
fauna of the temperate zones, since 
Pliocene times, 151 
probably simultaneous in both hemi- 
spheres, 151 
causing a _ general subsidence of the 
ocean, 152 : 
Glandina, Eocene, 169 
Glossotherium, in Brazilian eaves, 145 
S. American Pliocene, 147 
Glyptodon, 8S. American Pliocene, 147 
Gnathopsis, 8. American Pliocene, 147 
Goats, Palearctic, 182 
Godman, Mr., on Natural History of the 
Azores, 207 
Golden Moles, 8. African, 267 
Graculavus, N. American Cretaceous, 164 , 
Grall, arrangement of, 97 
peculiar or characteristic Palearctic ge- 
nera, 249 
peculiar Ethiopian genera of, 313 
