INDEX. 
501 
Region, the best term for the primary z00- 
logical divisions, 68 
Arctic, why not adopted, 69 
Palearctic, defined, 71 
Palearctic, subdivisions of, 71 
Ethiopian, defined, 73 
Ethiopian, subdivisions of, 73 
Oriental, defined, 75 
Oriental, subdivisions of, 75 
Australian, defined, 77 
Australian, subdivisions of, 77 
Neotropical, defined, 78 
Neotropical, subdivisions of, 78 
Nearctic, defined, 79 
Nearctic, distinct from Palearctic, 79 
Nearctic, subdivisions of, 80 
Regions, zoological, 50 
zoological, how they should be formed, 53 
zoological, may be defined by negative or 
positive characters, 54 
zoological, by what class of animals best 
determined, 56 
for each class of animals, not advisable, 
58 
zoological, proposed since 1857, 58 
zoological, Mr. Sclater’s, 59 
zoological, discussion of those proposed 
by various authors, 61 
zoological, proportionate richness of, 64 
temperate and tropical, well marked in 
northern hemisphere, 65 
and zones, table of, 66 
comparative richness of, 81 
and sub-regions, table of, 81 
order of succession of the, 173 
Representative species, 4 
Reptiles, means of dispersal of, 28 
classification of, 98 
Miocene of Greece, 116 
of Indian Miocene deposits, 123 
extinct Tertiary, 165 
cosmopolitan groups of, 176 
peculiar to Palearctic region, 186 
of Central Europe, 195 
of the Mediterranean sub-region, 204 
of Siberian sub-region, 220 
of the Manchurian sub-region, 227 
table of Palearctic families of, 236 
of the Ethiopian region, 254 
of the East African sub-region, 260 
of West Africa, 264 
8. African, 268 
of Madagascar, 279 
table of Ethiopian families of, 297 
of the Oriental region, 317 
ofthe Indian sub-region, 326 
of Ceylon, 327 
of Indo-Chinese sub-region, 331 
of Indo-Malay sub-region, 340 
table of Oriental families of, 368 
of the Australian region, 396 
of New Guinea, 415 
of the Moluccas, 420 
of the Polynesian sub-region, 447 
of New Zealand, 456 
table of Australian families of, 472 
Rhea, in Brazilian caves, 164 
Rhinoceros, Post-Pliocene, 112 
European Pliocene, 113 
Miocene of Greece, 116 
Indian Miocene, 122 
fossil remains of, at 16,000 feet elevation 
in Thibet, 122 
fossil in N. China, 123 
N. American Tertiary, 136 
Rhinoceros-hornbill, figure of, 339 
Rhinocerotide, N. American Tertiary, 136 
River-hog, of West Africa, figure of, 264 
of Madagascar, figure of, 278 
Rivers, limiting the range of mammalia, 12 
limiting the range of birds, 17 
River-scene. in West Africa, 264 
Rodentia, classification of, 90 
range of Palearctic genera of, 242 
range of Ethiopian genera of, 304 
range of Oriental genera of, 374 
range of Australian genera of, 476 
Rodentia, European Pliocene, 113 
Miocene of Greece, 116 
European Miocene, 120 
European Eocene, 126 
N. American Post-Pliocene, 130 
N. American Tertiary, 139 
of Brazilian caves, 144 
S. American Pliocene, 147 
of 8. American Eocene, 148 
Ruff, figure of, 195 
8. 
Sahara, a debatable land, 251. 
Saiga, antelope of W. Tartary, 218 
Samoa Islands, birds of, 443 
Sandwich Islands, birds of, 445 
probable past history of, 446 
mountain plants of, 446 
depth of ocean around, 447 
Sand grouse, Pallas, of Mongolia, 226 
Satyrites Reynesii, European Cretaceous In- 
sect, 167 
Saunders, Mr. Edward, on the Buprestide of 
Japan, 229 
Scelidotherium, in Brazilian caves, 145 
S. American Pliocene, 147 
Schistopleurum, S. American Pliocene, 147 
Schweinfurth, Dr., on natural history of Cen- 
tra] Africa, 252 
on limits of W. African sub-region, 262 
(note) 
Sciurus, European Miocene, 120 
European Eocene, 126 
Sciuravus, N. American Eocene, 140 
Selater, Mr., on zoological regions, 59 
why his six regions are adopted, 63 
on birds of Sandwich Islands, 445 
Sea, as a barrier to mammalia, 13 
Seals, fossil in European Miocene, 118 
of Lake Baikal, 218 
Secondary formations, mammalian remains 
in, 159 
Secretary-bird of Africa, figure of, 261 
Semnopithecus, European Pliocene, 112 
Miocene of Greece, 115 
European Miocene, 117 
Indian Miocene, 121 
‘Semper, Dr., on Philippine mammalia, 345 
Serpentarius, European Miocene, 162 
Seychelle Islands, zoology of, 281 
amphibia of, 281 
Sharp, Dr., ov Japan beetles, 229 
Sharpe, Mr. R. B., his arrangement of Accipi- 
tres, 97 
on birds of Cape Verd Islands, 215 
Sheep, Palearctic, 182 
Siberia, climate of. 217 
Siberian sub-region, description of, 216 
mammalia of, 217 
birds of, 219 
reptiles and amphibia of, 220 
insects of, 220 
Simocyon, Miocene of Greece, 115 
