490 



INDEX. 



Animals, rapid multiplication of, 10 

 Anisacodon, N. American Tertiary, 137 

 Anoa of Celebes, ]>ec.uliarities of, 428 

 Anoplotheriidce, European Miocene, 119 

 Anoplotherium, European Miocene, 119 



European Eocene, 126 



S. American Eocene, 148 

 Anseres, arrangement of, 98 



peculiar Palaearctic genera, 250 



peculiar Ethiopian geneia of. 313 



peculiar Australian genera of, 487 

 Antelopes in the Indian Miocene deposits, 122 



birthplace and migrations of, 105 



Palaearctic, 182 

 Antelotherium, Indian Miocene, 122 

 AnthracotheridcB, N. American Tertiary, 137 

 Anthracotherium, European Miocene, 119 

 Antiaeodon, N. American Tertiary, 133 

 Antilles, Pliocene Mammalia of, 148 

 Antilope, Post-Pliocene, 112 



in Brazilian caves, 144 

 Antiquity of the genera of insects, 166 



of the genera of land and freshwater 

 shells, 168 

 Aphanapteryx of Mauritius, 164 

 Aphelolheriiim, European Eocene, 125 

 Aquila, European Miocene, 161 

 Archcenpteryx, Bavarian Oolite, 163 

 Arctic zone not a separate region, 68 

 Arctocyon, European Eocene, 125 

 Arctndus, N. American Post-Pliocene, 130 

 Arctomys, European Pliocene, 113 

 Arctotherium in Brazilian caves, 144 



S. American Pliocene, 146 

 Argus pheasant, figure of, 339 



peculiarity in display of plumage, and 

 confirmation of Mr. Darwin's views, 

 340 

 Artiodactyla, European Eocene, 126 



N. American Tertiary, 137 



S. American Pliocene, 146 

 Arvicola, European Pliocene, 113 



in Brazilian caves, 145 



S. American Pliocene, 147 



S. American Eocene, 148 

 Auchena, N. American Post-Pliocene, 130 

 Auckland Islands, birds of, 455 

 Australia, physical features of, 387 

 Australia and S. America, supposed land con- 

 nection between, 398 

 Australian region, description of, 387 



zoological characteristics of, 310 



mammalia of, 390 



birds of, 391 



reptiles of, 396 



amphibia of, 397 



fresh-water fish of, 397 



summary of vertebrata of. ^07 



supposed land-connection ul With S. Ame- 

 rica, 398 



insects of, 403 



lepidoptera of, 404 



coleoptera of, 405 



land shells of, 407 



sub-regions of, 4 OS 



early history of, 465 

 Australian sub-region, mammalia of. 438 



illustration of mammalia of, 439 



birds of, 440 



illustration of fauna of, 441 

 Austro-Malayan sub-region, physical features 

 of, 388 



zoology of, 409 

 Aye-aye, figure of, 278 

 Azores, visited by European birds, 17 



birds of, 207 



Azores, butterflies of, 207 

 beetles of, k07, 209 

 peculiarly modified birds of, 207 

 stragglers to, 208 

 how stocked with animal life, 208 



Babirusa of Celebes, peculiarities of, 42b 



Badger, figure of, 195 



Balcena, European Pliocene, 112 



Bahenodon, European Pliocene, 112 



Baly, Mr , on Phytophaga of Japan, 230 



Banca, its peculiar species and solution of a 



problem in distribution, 356 

 Barriers, as affecting distribution, 6 



permanence of, as affecting distribution, 7 



to the dispersal of birds, 17 

 Bates, Mr., on Carabidajof Japan, 228 



on Longicorns of Japan, 230 

 Bathtnodon, N. American Tertiary, 13f 

 Bathrodon, N. American Tertiary, 133 

 Batrachia, Tertiary, 165 

 Bats, povfers of flight of, 15 



classification of, 87 



of New iiealand, 450 

 Bears, probable cause of absence of, from 



tropical Africa, 291 

 Beaver, N. American Tertiary, 140 

 Beetles, families selected for study, 103 



from the Lias, 167 



of Azores, 207 



of Japan, 228 

 BelerriKozipkius, European Pliocene, 112 

 Belt, Mr. , his theory of a great Siberian lake 

 during the glacial epoch, 218 



on change of climate caused by diminu- 

 tion of obliquity of ecliptic, 466 

 Birds, means of dispersal of, 15 



dispersal of by winds, 16 



American, found in Europe, 16 



reaching the Azores, 17 



barriers to dispersal of, 17 



limited by forests, 17 



classification of, 93 



Miocene of Greece, 116 



extinct, 160 



fossil of Palaearctic region, 161 



European of Miocene period, 161 



Eocene of Europe, 162 



relations of, 162 



extinct of North America. 163 



recently extinct in New Zealand, 164 



Cretaceous of N. America, 164 



remains of in Brazilian caves, 104 



recently extinct in Madagascar and the 

 Mascarene Islands, 164 



cosmopolitan groups of, 176 



numerous genera, Palaearctic, 1S3 



of the European sub-region, 193 



northern range of in Europe, 193 



of the zone of pine forests, 194 



of Iceland, 198 



of the Mediterranean sub-region, 203 



of Malta, 206 (note) 



of Azores, 207 



of the Cape Verd Islands, 215 



of Siberian sub-region, 219 



Oriental found in Siberia, 219 



extreme northern Asiatic. 219 



of noithern Asiatic forests, 220 



of the Manchurian sub-region. 223 



Palii'arctic genera of, in the Manchurian 

 sub-region, 224 



