INDEX. 



501 



Region, the best term for the primary zoo- 

 logical divisions, (58 

 Arctic, why not adopted, 69 

 Palaearctic, defined, 71 

 Palaearctic, subdivisions of, 71 

 Ethiopian, defined, 73 

 Ethiopian, subdivisions of, 73 

 Oriental, defined, 75 

 Oriental, subdivisions of, 75 

 Australian, defined, 77 

 Australian, subdivisions of, 77 

 Neotropical, defined, 78 

 Neotropical, subdivisions of, 78 

 Nearctic, defined, 79 

 Nearctic, distinct from Palaearctic, 79 

 Nearctic, subdivisions of, SO 

 Regions, zoological, 50 



zoological, how they should be formed, 53 

 zoological, may be defined by negative or 



positive characters, 54 

 zoological, by what class of animals best 



determined, 56 

 for each class of animals, not advisable, 



58 

 zoological, proposed since 1857, 58 



zoological, Mr. Sclater's, 59 



zoological, discussion of those proposed 



by various authors, 61 

 zoological, proportionate richness of, 64 

 temperate and tropical, well marked in 

 northern hemisphere, 65 



and zones, table of, 66 



comparative richness of, 81 



and sub-regions, table of, 81 



order of succession of the, 173 

 Representative species, 4 

 Reptiles, means of dispersal of, 28 



classification of, 98 



Miocene of Greece, 116 



of Indian Miocene deposits, 123 



extinct Tertiary, 165 



cosmopolitan groups of, 176 



peculiar to Falsearctic region, 186 



of Central Europe, 195 



of the Mediterranean sub-region, 204 



of Siberian sub-region, 220 



of the Manchurian sub-region, 227 



table of Palaearctic families of, 236 



of the Ethiopian region, 254 



of the East African sub-region, 260 



of West Africa, 264 



S. African, 268 



of Madagascar, 279 



table of Ethiopian families of, 297 



of the Oriental region, 317 



of the Indian sub-region, 326 



of Ceylon. 327 



of Indo-Chinese sub-region, 331 



of Indo-Malay sub-region, 340 



table of Oriental families of. 368 



of the Australian region, 396 



of New Guinea, 415 



of the Moluccas, 4J0 



of the Polynesian sub-region, 447 



of New Zealand, 456 



table of Austrahan families of, 472 

 Rhea, in Brazilian caves, 164 

 Rhinoceros, Post-PIioeene, 112 



European Pliocene, 113 



Miocene of Greece, 116 



Indian Miocene, 122 



fossil remainr: of, at 16,000 feet elevation 

 in Thibet, 122 



fossil in N China, 123 



N. American Tertiary, 136 

 Rhinoceros-hornbill, figure o^, 339 



Rhinocerotidce, N. American Tertiary, 136 



River-hog, of West Africa, figure of, 264 

 of Madagascar, figure of, 278 



Rivers, limiting the range of mammalia, 12 

 limiting the range of birds, 17 



River-scene, in West Africa, 264 



Rodentia, classification of, 90 



range of Palaearctic genera of 242 

 range of Ethiopian genera of, 304 

 range of Oriental genera of, 374 

 range of Australian genera of, 476 



Rodentia, European Pliocene, 113 

 Miocene of Greece, 116 

 European Miocene, 120 

 European Eocene, 126 

 N. American Post-Pliocene, 130 

 N. American Tertiary, 139 

 of Brazilian ea\es, 144 

 S. American Pliocene, 147 

 of S. American Eocene, 148 



Ruff, figure of, 195 



S. 



Sahara, a debatable land, 251 

 Saiga, antelope of W. Tartary, 218 

 Samoa Islands, birds of, 413 

 Sandwich Islands, birds of, 445 

 probable past history of, 446 

 mountain plants of, 446 

 depth of ocean around, 447 

 Sand grouse, Pallas, of Mongolia, 226 

 Satyrites Re/inesii, .European Cretaceous in- 

 sect, 167 

 Saunders, Mr. Edward, on the Buprestidae of 



Japan, 229 

 Scelidothtrium, in Biazilian caves, 145 



S. American Pliocene, 147 

 SchisiopUurr(m, S. American Pliocene, 147 

 Schweinfurth, Dr., on natural history of Cen- 

 tral Africa, 252 



on limits of W. African sub-region, 262 

 {note) 

 Sciurus, European Miocene, 120 



European Eocene, 126 

 Sciuravus, N. American Eocene, 140 

 Sclater, Mr. , on zoological regions, 59 



why his six regions are adopted, 63 



on birds of Sandwich Islands, 445 

 Sea, as a barrier to mammalia, 13 

 Seals, fo.ssil in European Miocene, 118 



of Lake Baikal, 218 

 Secondary formations, mammalian remains 



in, 159 

 Secretary-bird of Africa, figure of, 261 

 Semnopithecus, Euroj)ean Pliocene, 112 



Miocene of Greece, 115 



European Miocene, 117 



Indian Miocene, 121 

 Semper, Dr., on Philippine mammalia, 345 

 Serpcntariux, European Miocene, 162 

 Seychelle Islands, zoology of, 281 



amphibia of, 281 

 Sharp, Dr., on .lapan beetles, 229 

 Sharpe, Mr. R. B., his arrangement of Accipi- 

 tres, 97 



on birds of Cape Verd Islands, 215 

 Sheep, Palcearctic, 182 

 Siberia, climate of 217 

 Siberian sub-reyion, description of, 216 



mammalia of, 217 



birds of, 219 



reptiles and amphibia of, 220 



insects of, 220 

 Simoc^oJi, Miocene of Greece, 115 



