1910] NICKNAMES 31 



Saw two sea leopards this evening, one in the water making 

 short, lazy dives under the floes. It had a beautiful sinuous 

 movement. 



I have asked Pennell to prepare a map of the pack; it 

 ought to give some idea of the origin of the various forms 

 of floes, and their general drift. I am much inclined to think 

 that most of the pressure ridges are formed by the passage 

 of bergs through the comparatively young ice. I imagine that 

 when the sea freezes very solid it carries bergs with it, but 

 obviously the enormous mass of a berg would need a great 

 deal of stopping. In support of this view I notice that most of 

 the pressure ridges are formed by pieces of a sheet which did 

 not exceed one or two feet in thickness — also it seems that the 

 screwed ice which we have passed has occurred mostly in the 

 regions of bergs. On one side of the tabular berg passed yes- 

 terday pressure was heaped to a height of 15 feet — it was like 

 a ship's bow wave on a large scale. Yesterday there were many 

 bergs and much pressure; last night no bergs and practically 

 no pressure; this morning few bergs and comparatively little 

 pressure. It goes to show that the unconfined pack of these 

 seas would not be likely to give a ship a severe squeeze. 



Saw a young Emperor this morning, and whilst trying to 

 capture it one of Wilson's new whales with the sabre dorsal fin 

 rose close to the ship. I estimated this fin to be 4 feet high. 



It is pretty to see the snow petrel and Antarctic petrel diving 

 on to the upturned and flooded floes. The wash of water 

 sweeps the Euphausia * across such submerged ice. The An- 

 tarctic petrel has a pretty crouching attitude. 



Notes on Nicknames 



Evans Teddy 



Wilson Bill, Uncle Bill, Uncle 



Simpson Sunny Jim 



Ponting Ponco 



Meares 



Day 



Campbell .... The Mate, Mr. Mate 



Pennell Penelope 



* A species of shrimp on which the seabirds feed. 



