APPENDIX 423 



had the moisture in my face with a sickening smell of shrimpy oil. Then 

 the bump elongates and up rolls an immense blue-grey or blackish grey 

 round back with a faint ridge along the top, on which presently appears a 

 small hook-like dorsal fin, and then the whole sinks and disappears. [Dr. 

 Wilson's Journal.] 



Note 5, p. 21. — December 18. Watered ship at a tumbled floe. Sea ice 

 when pressed up into large hummocks gradually loses all its salt. Even 

 when sea water freezes it squeezes out the great bulk of its salt as a solid, 

 but the sea water gets into it by soaking again, and yet when held out of 

 the water, as it is in a hummock, the salt all drains out and the melted ice 

 is blue and quite good for drinking, engines, &c. [Dr. Wilson's Journal.] 



Note 6, p. 32. — It may be added that in contradistinction to the nick- 

 names of Skipper conferred upon Evans, and Mate on Campbell, Scott him- 

 self was known among the afterguard as The Owner. 



Note 7, p. 35. — (Penguins.) They have lost none of their attractive- 

 ness, and are most comical and interesting ; as curious as ever, they will 

 always come up at a trot when we sing to them, and you may often see a 

 group of explorers on the poop singing ' For she's got bells on her fingers 

 and rings on her toes, elephants to ride upon wherever she goes,' and so on 

 at the top of their voices to an admiring group of Adelie penguins. Meares 

 is the greatest attraction ; he has a full voice which is musical but always 

 very flat. He declares that ' God save the King ' will always send them 

 to the water, and certainly it is often successful. [Dr. Wilson's Journal.] 



Note 8, p. 58. — We were to examine the possibilities of landing, but 

 the swell was so heavy in its break among the floating blocks of ice along the 

 actual beach and ice foot that a landing was out of the question. We 

 should have broken up the boat and have all been in the water together. 

 But I assure you it was tantalising to me, for there about 6 feet above us on 

 a small dirty piece of the old bay ice about ten feet square one living Em- 

 peror penguin chick was standing disconsolately stranded, and close by 

 stood one faithful old Emperor parent asleep. This young Emperor was 

 still in the down, a most interesting fact in the bird's life history at which 

 we had rightly guessed, but which no one had actually observed before. It 

 was in a stage never yet seen or collected, for the wings were already quite 

 clean of down and feathered as in the adult, also a line down the breast was 

 shed of down, and part of the head. This bird would have been a treasure 

 to me, but we could not risk life for it, so it had to remain where it was. It 

 was a curious fact that with as much clean ice to live on as they could have 

 wished for, these destitute derelicts of a flourishing colony now gone north 

 to sea on floating bay ice should have preferred to remain standing on the 

 only piece of bay ice left, a piece about ten feet square and now pressed up 

 six feet above water level, evidently wondering why it was so long in 

 starting north with the general exodus which must have taken place just a 



