Turner, Notes Upon the Gallery Spider. 109 



accident renders it necessary. The purseweb spider also 

 patches its web. '^ 



The above examples teach us that the gallery spiders con- 

 form to the same rule. 



The main sheet undergoes all variations from a flat expanse 

 [Ex. I ] to a funnel shape bag [Ex. X-XII]. 



The main sheet may be either horizontal [Ex. II] or in- 

 clined [Ex. IV, VII]. . 



In fence corners and other places where the environment is 

 simple, the shape of the web is apt to be governed by the shape 

 of the environment, [Ex. V-IX, XXI] ; but where the environ- 

 ment is more complex, the shape of the web can not be predicted 

 [Ex. Ill, XXXV, XXXVI]. 



A web usually contains but one main sheet, but on rare 

 occasions the web may consist of two or more such sheets. In 

 such cases the sheets may be fused into one compound sheet 

 [Ex. XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII] ; or the two sheets may be united 

 by a common gallery [Ex. XIX] ; or, they may so unite as to 

 form a two story house [Ex. XXXVI, C]. 



The gallery may be located at any portion of the main 

 sheet [Ex. Ill, V, VI, XII, XIX, XX, XXI, XXXVI] ; sometimes 

 the gallery is absent [Ex. XXXV, A]. 



In spite of all this variety, if individuals of the same species 

 constructed similar webs, there would be no indication of intel- 

 ligent action. But such is not the case. Under the same 

 external conditions, individuals of the same species construct 

 dissimilar webs [Ex. VII-IX; V,XXI1]. 



Not only so, but under the same external conditions the 

 same individual constructs webs that are quite different. At one 

 time a spider may construct a flat web in which a hole in the 

 main sheet supplies the place of a gallery [Ex. XXXV, A] ; later, 

 under the same conditions, that spider may construct a web 

 with a very conspicuous gallery [Ex. XXXV,C]. 



3. Henry C. McCook Nesting Habits of the American Purseweb 

 Spider. Proc Acad, of iVafural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1888, part IT, 

 pp. sob. 



