Literary Notices. Ixix 



tbe undoubted dilemma by such a statement as this (p. 41.) "Instead of 

 consciousness or thought being a function of nervous tissue, the percep- 

 tion of a sensation through nervous tissue is a function of consciousness — 

 that is to say, consciousness is independent of nervous tissue, and uses 

 nervous tissue to perceive with." We regret to say that the comparative 

 anatomy introduced is not faultless, as where the author states (p. 60) that 

 the carp does not smell at all and has no olfactory bulbs. The figures are 

 deplorably inaccurate and crude. Respecting the physiology of the 

 brain, we are told that it is plain that the consciousness can use one- or 

 the other of the hemispheres of the brain or both 'together by means of 

 the three commissures or bridges between them, as it uses one or both 

 eyes by means of the optic commissure." The modern form of monism 

 as formulated by F'echner and Morgan, is not referred to. It is to be 

 feared that there are many years of dreary theorizing and weary investi- 

 gation between us and a solution of the problem so vigorously attacked 

 by the author. 



Origin and Development of the Central Nervous System in 



LiMAX MAXIMUS.I 



The slugs were kept in tin vessels and fed on cabbage, on which the 

 eggs were deposited. These were removed to a watch glass of water and 

 placed in a moist chamber. The eggs were killed in chromic acid 0.33 

 per cent., or Perenyi's fluid. In the former, after removing the membrane 

 and albumen, they were left an hour or two, in the latter only two to 

 three minutes. Picrocarminate of lithium and Czoker's cochineal were 

 used as stains and the material quickly imbedded in paraffin. The ner- 

 vous system makes its appearance on the sixth or seventh day after the 

 egg is laid. The central system consists of four pairs of ganglia, cere- 

 bral, pedal, pleural, and visceral, together with one abdominal ganglion. 

 To these are added a pair of buccal and one mantle or olfactory ganglion. 

 The ganglia arise separately. The components of three of the five pairs 

 are joined together later by commissures. Secondarily-produced connect- 

 ives also serve to join the cerebral ganglia to the pedal, the pleural, and 

 the buccal ; the pleural to the pedal and visceral ; and the visceral to the 

 abdominal. The growth of the ganglia is rapid; they are well formed 

 and in their ultimate positions by the sixteenth day. All the ganglia, 



1. Annie P. Henchman. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 

 XX, 7. 



